Assessing the economic impacts of nature based tourism in Scotland

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Finally we used an approach based on the Visitor Experience survey (Harris, 2008). This survey has some similarities with the tourism attitude survey mentioned above (System 3, 2000) and gathered general views and opinions from a cross section of visitors to Scotland, providing a snapshot of the tourist experience. A total of 1,257 visitors were recruited whilst on holiday in Scotland and a comprehensive telephone interview was then conducted with 650 of them on their return home. The survey focused on visitors from England and Wales; Scotland; USA; Spain; Netherlands; and Sweden. 13.2 Total volume and value of tourism VisitScotland (2009) gives the following figures for holiday visits to Scotland in 2008 (i.e. excluding business trips, visits to friends and family that are not holidays and visits for other purposes such as study). Figures for employment and GVA relate to all tourism, so the proportions that relate to holiday visits is used. Table 48 - Impacts of holiday tourism in Scotland Total spend by UK holiday visitors £1,986,000,000 Total spend by overseas visitors £640,000,000 Total holiday visitor spend £2,626,000,000 Total tourism related employment (64.6% of total) • 140,957 Total GVA (64.6% of total) £2,609,840,000 Applying ERM’s 49% proportion for natural heritage-related visits to the reported 2008 GVA would give an updated estimate of £1.287 million for tourism spend, 69,069 tourism related jobs and £1.322 billion GVA equivalent. However, as the 49% does not include some activities which would be regarded as nature related, this would be a conservative estimate. 13.3 Tourism outside Edinburgh and Glasgow The rationale for taking the value of tourism outside Edinburgh and Glasgow as approximating the value of rural tourism is that, while there is some crossover with people visiting the countryside while on holiday in the city or having more than one base for their holiday, Edinburgh and Glasgow are the main city break destinations in Scotland. Such crossover might be balanced by visitors on a city or urban break to other parts of Scotland. The total number of holiday trips to Scotland in 2008 was 9.45 million (VisitScotland, 2009). Edinburgh had 1.44 million holiday visitors from the UK (UKTS, 2009) and 709,000 from overseas (IPS, 2009). Glasgow had 930,000 holiday visitors from the UK (UKTS, 2009) and 296,000 from overseas (IPS, 2009). Subtracting these gives 6.075 million holiday visitors to Scotland outside Edinburgh and Glasgow, 64.3% of the overall total. Figures for UK holiday spend in Edinburgh and Glasgow are available from UKTS (2009) - £375 million and £230 million respectively. For spend by overseas holiday visitors it has been necessary to take the appropriate percentage of overall overseas visitor spend in each city. • As noted earlier in our report, this tourism-related employment figure applies to specified sectors of the economy and is not an FTE estimate from visitor spend, which would be much lower. 79
Table 49 - Value of tourism outside Edinburgh and Glasgow £ Millions Total visitor holiday spend in Scotland 2,626 Less Edinburgh UK holiday spend 375 Less Edinburgh overseas holiday spend 225 Less Glasgow UK holiday spend 230 Less Glasgow overseas holiday spend 98 Total holiday spend in Scotland outside Edinburgh and Glasgow 1,699 Since some visitors, especially those from overseas with a higher per capita spend on a city break, will take trips into the surrounding countryside and experience natural heritage, these figures should be treated with caution. Should these trips be day visits, most of their economic contribution will, most likely, remain within the city. This relatively simple analysis appears to be in line with the ERM estimate established in 2004. 13.4 Value of nature based tourism from the Visitor Experience survey Various results from the Visitor Experience survey (Harris Interactive, 2008) can be applied to figures on all tourism in Scotland to derive the overall impacts of nature based tourism: Table 50 - Overall impacts of nature based tourism Important or very important % Visitor spend £m Tourism related employment ‘000 GVA £m Scenery as a motivator 90 2,363.4 196.4 3,636.0 Explored Scottish scenery as 73 1449.8 activity - UK Explored Scottish scenery as 82 531.2 activity - international Explored Scottish scenery as activity - combined 75 1,981.0 163.7 3,030 The figures based on the visitors who identified Scotland’s scenery as a motivator for their visit produce a higher set of impacts than figures based on visitors who actually explored Scotland’s scenery. This is not surprising - even those who only visit a city might well come because of the general inspiration from their knowledge of Scotland’s scenery (which they will pass through en-route unless flying). A similar process can be applied to derive figures relating to nature based activities: 80
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Scottish Natural Heritage Commissio
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COMMISSIONED REPORT Summary Assessi
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7 CYCLING 45 7.1 Mountain biking 45
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List of Tables Page Table 1 - Natur
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1.3 Nature-based tourism For the pu
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market and accounts for 83% of tour
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expenditure during these trips was
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nature site • . Were this spend t
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Team members already held many rele
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2.3.2 Assessing employment and inco
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• Common resources, which are use
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4 FIELD SPORTS The findings from th
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4.2 Deer management The Contributio
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Table 11 - Deer Management in Scotl
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• Sea angling questions incorpora
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4.6 Other studies • The trips mos
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3. The Economic Impact of Game and
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