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STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ – BOLYAI, BIOLOGIA, LV, 1, 2010, p. 131-138 MICROBIOLOGICAL AND ENZYMOLOGICAL STUDY ON SEDIMENTS AND WATER OF THE RIVER SOMEŞUL MIC UPSTREAM THE GILĂU (CLUJ COUNTY) TREATMENT PLANT VASILE MUNTEAN 1 , COSMINA-GABRIELA MAIER 1 , RAHELA CARPA 1 , CORINA MUREŞAN 2 and ANCUłA CRISTINA FARKAS 2 SUMMARY. Seasonal analyses were carried out on the waters from 5 sampling sites situated on the Someşul Mic river, upstream the water treatment plant in Gilău. The total coliform germs and the faecal coliforms were analysed. The presence in water of the two bacterial groups was detected in each sampling site, in each season, with higher values in autumn, and lower in winter. A positive correlation with good statistical significance (p
V. MUNTEAN, C.-G. MAIER, R. CARPA, C. MUREŞAN, A. C. FARKAS - it should be a member of the intestinal microbiota of warm-blooded animals; - it should be present when pathogens are present, and absent in uncontaminated samples; - it should be present in greater numbers than the pathogen; - it should be at least equally resistant as the pathogen to environmental factors and to disinfection in water and wastewater treatment plants; - it should not multiply in the environment; - it should be detectable by means of easy, rapid, and inexpensive methods; - the indicator organism should be non pathogenic. The group of coliform bacteria fulfils these criteria and was adopted as an indicator of faecal contamination of drinking water as early as the beginning of last century. These indicators are useful for determining the quality of potable water, shellfish harvesting waters, and recreational waters. In water treatment plants, total coliforms are one of the best indicators of treatment efficiency of the plant. The total coliforms belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae, order Enterobacteriales, class Gammaproteobacteria, phylum BXII – Proteobacteria (Garrity, 2005). The total coliforms include the aerobic and facultative anaerobic, non-sporeforming, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that ferment lactose with gas production within 48 hours at 35°C. The group includes four bacterial genera: Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Citrobacter. Faecal coliforms are thermotolerant bacteria that include all coliforms that can ferment lactose at 44.5°C. The presence of faecal coliforms indicates the presence of faecal material from warm-blooded animals. Faecal coliforms display a survival pattern similar to that of bacterial pathogens, but they are not reliable with regard to contamination of aquatic environments with viruses and protozoans. Grimes et al. (1984) study the microbiological effects caused by the dump of used water in the coastline waters of Puerto Rico, resulting in the increase in number of faecal indicator bacteria and in water pollution with pathogen microorganisms. Gerba and Speed (1997) show the effects of pollution indicator bacteria living in a small tropical river and their impact on the quality of water used for leisure activities. A surface water with faecal pollution is recorded by Venter et al. (1997) in South Africa. Noble et al. (2003a) compare the bacterial indicators (total coliforms, faecal and enterococci) of water quality for ocean water used in leisure activities. Same year, Noble et al. (2003b) make another comparison of measurement methods for bacterial indicators of water quality in oceanic water from seashore zone. Many studies were also carried out in our country, pursuing the same task, especially on the water of the Mureş river (Millea et al., 1993; Papp and Fodorpataki, 2002; Muntean et al., 2008). The present study aimed to detect the presence in the Someşul Mic river water of microorganisms used as faecal pollution indicators. We 132
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BIOLOGIA 1/2010
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Ş.-C. MIRESCU, L. CIOBANU, V. ANDR
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STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ - BOLYA
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STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF THE PREDA
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