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STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ – BOLYAI, BIOLOGIA, LV, 1, 2010, p. 17-30 STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF PREDATOR MITE POPULATIONS (ACARI-MESOSTIGMATA) IN SHRUB ECOSYSTEMS IN PRAHOVA AND DOFTANA VALLEYS. MINODORA MANU 1 SUMMARY. The researches of the edaphic predator mite’s fauna (Acari- Mesostigmata), were made in three shrubs ecosystems: Nistoreşti and Cornu in Prahova Valley and Lunca Mare in Doftana Valley. 29 species were identified. Each studied area was characterized by a different number of species and numerical density. The relative soil humidity and the type of vegetation, specifically for each shrub ecosystems, influenced the monthly dynamics of the mite populations and their distribution on the soil layers. Keywords: Acari, mite, populations, shrub ecosystem Introduction Similar to other soil mesofauna, population development of Mesostigmata is very much influenced by microclimate, which depends on the structure of the herbaceouas plants, shrubs or trees and on the litter layer (Koehler, 2000; Sadaka and Ponge, 2003; Minor and Norton, 2004; Ruf and Beck, 2005; Ilieva-Makulec et al., 2006; Lindberg and Bengtsson, 2006; Bradforda et al., 2007; Salmane and Brumelis, 2008). The soil is their preffered habitat and the dynamics is influenced by different abiotical factors (temperature, pH, humidity, altitude) and by the abundance and quality of the food source (Bowman, 1987; Nielsen, 1999; Halaja et al., 2005; Berg and Bengtsson, 2007; Bullinger-Weber et al., 2007; Heckmann et al., 2007; Lenoir et al., 2007). Mesostigmata mites do not change soil structure or plant productivity directly. However, as predators, they influence population dynamics of the other organisms and thereby have an indirect effect on overall ecosystem performance (Koehler, 1999; Ruf and Beck, 2005; Salamona et al. 2006). Studies on the dynamics of the predator mite populations are made especially in forests. Species number varies from 15 in undisturbed open grasslands or shrubs to 25 in ruderal sites and 30-40 in forests (Skorupski, 1997, 2001; Ruf, 1 Romanian Academy, Institute of Biology, Department of Ecology, Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, street Splaiul IndependenŃei, no. 296, code 0603100, PO-BOX 56-53, fax 040212219071, tel. 040212219202, Bucharest, Romania, E-mail address: minodora_stanescu@yahoo.com
M. MANU 1998; Cortet, 2002; Ruf et al., 2003; Hemerik and Brussaard, 2002; Gwiazdowicz and Klemt, 2004; Gwiazdowicz and Kmita, 2004 ; Stănescu and Gwiazdowicz, 2004; Colemana and Whitman, 2005; Seebera et al., 2005; Stănescu and Juvara- Balş, 2005; Moraza, 2006, 2007). There are also differences in the abundance of mites among different habitats: their density can be as high as 2000 ind./sq.m. in shrubs, 10000 ind./sq.m. in undisturbed meadows, and even 50000 ind./sq.m. in forests. Studies concerning the structure and dynamics of the soil mite populations (Mesostigmata) are many, in our country as well as in Europe, and were made in different types of habitats (Georgescu, 1981; Solomon, 1985; Skorupski, 1997, 2001; Ruf, 1998; Koehler, 1999, 2000; Salmane, 1999, 2000, 2001; Gwiazdowicz and Szadkowski, 2000; Madej, 2000; Honciuc and Stănescu, 2003; Masan, 2003; Ruf et al., 2003; Stănescu and Gwiazdowicz, 2004; Masan and Fenda, 2004; Falcă et al., 2005; Moraza, 2006, 2007; Stănescu and Honciuc, 2006; Gwiazdowicz, 2007; Manu, 2009; Skorupski et al., 2009). In Romania, there are few studies on the spatial and temporal dynamics of the mite populations in shrub ecosystems in hilly areas (Paucă Comănescu et al. 2000, 2004, 2005, 2008; Honciuc and Manu, 2008; Manu, 2008). Therefore any research regarding this specific habitat could offer important scientific information . 18 Material and Methods The study was conducted in 2006, in three different shrub habitats in three localities in Doftana Valley (Lunca Mare village) and Prahova Valley (Cornu and Nistoreşti villages). The ecosystem from Lunca Mare is an alluvial shrub, characteristic for a hilly-montain area, with Salix purpurea (R 4418) (DoniŃă et al., 2005). It is situated at N 45º 20’ 40,1” and E 025º 74’ 51,3”, at 485 m a.s.l., on a flat surface. The soil is sandy-clay, with an increased humidy. The plant association is Saponario – Salicetum purpurea (Br.-Bl. 1930). The dominant species of arbustive plants are: Salix purpurea, Cornus sanguinea, Ligustrum vulgare, Rubus caesius. The ecosystem from Cornu is an alluvial shrub, characteristic for a hilly-montain area, with Salix pupurea (R 4418) (DoniŃă et al., 2005). It is situated at N 45º 10’ 24,6” and E 025º 42’ 37,6”, at 440 m a.s.l., in a flat surface. The alluvial sandy – clay soil has an incresead humidity. The plant association is Saliceto (eleagni) – Hippophaëtum Br.- Bl.et Volk 1940. The dominant plants are: Salix purpurea, Frangula alnus, Cornus sanguinea, Ligustrum vulgare, Viburnum opulos and Viburnum lantana. The ecosystem from Nistoreşti is alluvial shrub with Hippophaë rhamnoides, Salix eleagnos (R 4417) (DoniŃă et al., 2005). It is situated at N 45º 10’ 03,8” and E 025º 41’ 23,6”, on 510 m altitute, in a plane surface. The alluvial soil has an incresead humidity. The vegetal association is Saliceto (eleagni) – Hippophaëtum Br.-Bl.et Volk 1940. The dominant plants are: Hippophaë rhamnoides, Salix purpurea, Cytisus nigricans, Ligustrum vulgare.
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