Impact of fuel supply impedance and fuel staging on gas turbine ...

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Summary <strong>and</strong> Conclusions ratio fluctuations, the latter can be damped if both fluctuations are in phase. The damping effect leads to a reduction <strong>of</strong> the corresponding heat release rate contribution term (F φ,i φ ′ i / ¯φ) <strong>and</strong> thus reduces the amplitude <strong>of</strong> the heat release rate fluctuations. • changing the phase delay between the heat release rate contributions (F u u ′ b /ū b, F φ,i φ ′ i / ¯φ) to π. This can again be performed in influencing the <strong>fuel</strong> injector <strong>impedance</strong> <strong>and</strong> the acoustic velocity in the <strong>fuel</strong> injection tube or in adjusting the position <strong>of</strong> the <strong>fuel</strong> injection <strong>and</strong> the corresponding flame transfer function. This implies finally that both contributions are out <strong>of</strong> phase <strong>and</strong> lead to a destructive interference. The pressure loss over the injection tubes <strong>and</strong> the amount <strong>of</strong> <strong>fuel</strong>, which is distributed to the individual <strong>fuel</strong> injection stages, can be used in addition to control the impact <strong>of</strong> each <strong>fuel</strong> injection stage. The considerations, derived in the present work, can be taken as rough design guidelines to judge the impact <strong>of</strong> acoustic <strong>impedance</strong>, the location <strong>and</strong> number <strong>of</strong> the <strong>fuel</strong> injection stages. The present work has also shown that the hybrid design method consisting <strong>of</strong> transient CFD, system identification <strong>and</strong> acoustic network modeling can be successfully used to support the design <strong>of</strong> an acoustically stable combustion system. 170
Bibliography [1] Verb<strong>and</strong> der Elektrizitätswirtschaft - VDEW - e.V. http://www.bdew.de. [2] M. Åbom. A note on the experimental determination <strong>of</strong> acoustical twoport matrices. Journal <strong>of</strong> Sound <strong>and</strong> Vibration, 155(1):185–188, 1991. [3] International Energy Agency. World energy outlook 2006. Technical report, Organisation <strong>of</strong> Economic Co-operation <strong>and</strong> Development (OECD), 2006. [4] C. Angelberger, D. Veynante, F. Egolfopoulos, <strong>and</strong> T. Poinsot. Large eddy simulation <strong>of</strong> combustion instabilities in premixed flames. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the Summer Program 1998, pages 61–82. Center for Turbulence Research, 1998. [5] ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, USA. ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide, 2006. [6] C.A. Armitage, R.S. Cant, A.P. Dowling, <strong>and</strong> T.P. Hynes. Linearised theory for LPP combustion dynamics. Number GT2003-38670 in Proceedings <strong>of</strong> ASME Turbo Expo 2003: Power for L<strong>and</strong>, Sea <strong>and</strong> Air, June 16-19, 2003, Atlanta, USA, 2003. [7] C.A. Armitage, A.J. Riley, R.S. Cant, A.P. Dowling, <strong>and</strong> S.R. Stow. Flame transfer function for swirled LPP combustion from experiments <strong>and</strong> CFD. Number GT2004-53820 in Proceedings <strong>of</strong> ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for L<strong>and</strong>, Sea <strong>and</strong> Air, June 14-17, 2004, Vienna, Austria, 2004. [8] V. Bellucci, C.O. Paschereit, P. Flohr, <strong>and</strong> F. Magni. On the use <strong>of</strong> Helmholtz resonators for damping acoustic pulsations in industrial gas turbines. Number 2001-GT-0039 in Proceedings <strong>of</strong> ASME Turbo Expo 171
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Technische Universität München In
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und ihre Geduld besonders für die
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Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Techn
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CONTENTS 7.2.2 Impact</stro
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Nomenclature G stretch factor [-] h
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Nomenclature λ air-fuel</s
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1 Introduction 1.1 Technology backg
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1.2 Thermo-acoustic instabilities 1
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1.2 Thermo-acoustic instabilities d
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1.3 Control of the
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1.3 Control of the
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1.4 Intention and
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1.5 Terminology and</strong
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1.5 Terminology and</strong
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2 Numerical analysis of</st
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2.1 Overview of me
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2.1 Overview of me
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2.1 Overview of me
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2.2 Flame dynamics of</stro
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2.3 Identification of</stro
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3 Acoustics Before analyzing the ac
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3.1 Basic acoustic equations as a f
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3.2 Linear acoustic equations Here,
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3.2 Linear acoustic equations p ′
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3.3 Acoustic network model p ′ (x
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3.3 Acoustic network model matrix e
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3.3 Acoustic network model The <str
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3.3 Acoustic network model where A
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3.3 Acoustic network model coming c
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3.3 Acoustic network model Z i Air
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3.3 Acoustic network model pressure
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3.3 Acoustic network model The eige
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3.3 Acoustic network model tine. To
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4 Modeling of turb
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4.1 Theory and num
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4.1 Theory and num
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4.2 Theoretical and</strong
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5 System Identification Flame trans
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5.1 Model structures and</s
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5.2 System Identification 5.2 Syste
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5.3 Excitation signals the zero mea
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5.4 A posteriori validation <strong
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5.4 A posteriori validation <strong
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5.5 Proof
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5.5 Proof
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5.5 Proof
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5.5 Proof
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5.5 Proof
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5.5 Proof
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6 Numerical simulation MISO model i
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6.1 Practical premixed combustor co
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6.2 Steady-state simulations <stron
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6.2 Steady-state simulations <stron
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Page 187 and 188: BIBLIOGRAPHY [18] L. Crocco. Theore
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Page 197 and 198: BIBLIOGRAPHY [112] T. Sattelmayer.
Page 199 and 200: BIBLIOGRAPHY [130] A. Widenhorn. pr
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Impact of fuel supply impedance and fuel staging on gas turbine ...

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