Hydraulic Efficiency of Grate and Curb Inlets - Urban Drainage and ...

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... iii
LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................... vii
LIST OF SYMBOLS, UNITS OF MEASURE, AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................ ix
1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................1
1.1 Project Background..........................................................................................................1
1.2 Research Objectives.........................................................................................................3
1.3 Report Organization.........................................................................................................4
2 LITERATURE REVIEW ..........................................................................................................5
2.1 Relevant Street Drainage Studies.....................................................................................5
2.2 UDFCD Methods for Determining Inlet Efficiency ........................................................7
2.2.1 On-grade Conditions ...........................................................................................8
2.2.2 Grate Inlets........................................................................................................10
2.2.3 Curb Opening Inlets ..........................................................................................13
2.3 Manning’s Equation.......................................................................................................15
2.4 Froude Number ..............................................................................................................15
2.5 Dimensional Analysis ....................................................................................................16
2.6 Significant Parameter Groups for Calculating Inlet Efficiency.....................................17
2.7 Summary........................................................................................................................19
3 HYDRAULIC MODELING ....................................................................................................21
3.1 Testing Facility Description and Model Scaling ...........................................................21
3.2 Conditions Tested ..........................................................................................................25
3.3 Inlet Construction...........................................................................................................28
3.4 Model Operation and Testing Procedures......................................................................38
3.5 Summary........................................................................................................................43
4 DATA AND OBSERVATIONS...............................................................................................45
4.1 On-grade Tests...............................................................................................................45
4.2 Sump Tests.....................................................................................................................48
4.3 Summary........................................................................................................................50
5 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS ...................................................................................................51
5.1 Efficiency from UDFCD Methods.................................................................................52
5.2 Improvements to UDFCD Efficiency Calculation Methods..........................................55
5.3 Efficiency from Dimensional Analysis and Empirical Equations .................................61
5.4 Combination-inlet Efficiency Compared to Grate and Curb Inlet Efficiency ...............70
5.5 Relevance of Uniform Flow in Data Analysis...............................................................72
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