Hydraulic Efficiency of Grate and Curb Inlets - Urban Drainage and ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 Conclusions The data collected in this study, and the analysis performed, provided considerable insight into the performance of the Type 13, 16, and R inlets under varying hydraulic conditions. Physically-meaningful test conditions, that are likely to be encountered in the field, were created in the model to supply a more complete body of test data than was previously available. The ongrade test data were analyzed and improved methods were developed for determining inlet efficiency. These improvements included: extending the currently used UDFCD methods (from HEC-22) to include the Type 13 and 16 combination inlets, modifying the currently used UDFCD methods for the Type R curb inlet, and developing independent empirical equations for each of the three inlet types. The original UDFCD methods and equations were preserved in the analysis. Empirical equations presented were developed independently from the UDFCD methods, are dimensionally consistent, and provide a simple approach for calculation of inlet efficiency. Physically-meaningful parameters, which can be easily determined by a user, were combined using dimensional analysis to produce an equation for each of the Type 13 combination, Type 16 combination, and Type R curb inlets to predict inlet efficiency. 6.2 Recommendations for Inlet Efficiency Calculation The following guidance is provided for interpretation and use of the design criteria developed in this study. Current UDFCD methods do not allow for determination of the true efficiency for a combination inlet, which should take into account both the grate and the curb openings. Design of combination inlets is typically done by assuming the grate portion of the inlet acts alone (UDFCD, 2008). Both the empirical equations and the improved UDFCD calculations presented in this report take into account the full capacity of the grate and the curb opening. When the improved UDFCD methods were compared to the empirical equations for the Type 13 and 16 combination inlets, the empirical equations were better able to predict the 77
Page 1:
HYDRAULIC EFFICIENCY OF GRATE AND C
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .
Page 7 and 8:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1: Map of
Page 9 and 10:
Figure 5-7: Predicted vs. observed
Page 11 and 12:
LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Summary o
Page 13 and 14:
LIST OF SYMBOLS, UNITS OF MEASURE,
Page 15 and 16:
S c , Sc, cross slope cross (or lat
Page 17 and 18:
ID mag meter No. QC ® R5 R9 R12 R1
Page 19 and 20:
1 INTRODUCTION A research program w
Page 21 and 22:
1-1 often require use of these thre
Page 23 and 24:
2 LITERATURE REVIEW Urban storm dra
Page 25 and 26:
• All grates showed patterns of i
Page 27 and 28:
Q = Q w + Q s Equation 2-1 where: 2
Page 29 and 30:
Inlet Name Bar P-1-7/8 Bar P-1-7/8-
Page 31 and 32:
2.2.3 Curb Opening Inlets Curb open
Page 33 and 34:
2.3 Manning’s Equation Uniform fl
Page 35 and 36:
where: q 1 = dependent parameter; q
Page 37:
Q ⎛ L L Qw ⎞ = f ⎜ , ⎟ Equa
Page 40 and 41:
Headbox Pipe Network Inlets Street
Page 42 and 43:
capacity. A similar study performed
Page 44 and 45: Table 3-3: Test matrix for 0.33-ft
Page 46 and 47: Table 3-5: Test matrix for 1-ft pro
Page 48 and 49: Solid Plexiglas ® was milled to pr
Page 50 and 51: Figure 3-10: Triple No. 13 combinat
Page 52 and 53: Figure 3-16: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3-22: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 56 and 57: Note Safety Bar Figure 3-28: R5 wit
Page 58 and 59: Flow entering and exiting the model
Page 60 and 61: Following a standardized testing pr
Page 63 and 64: 4 DATA AND OBSERVATIONS Testing res
Page 65 and 66: Figure 4-2: Type 16 combination-inl
Page 67 and 68: 45 40 35 Captured flow (cfs) 30 25
Page 69 and 70: 5 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS Data selecte
Page 71 and 72: likely due to the nature of the ori
Page 73 and 74: 1 Observed 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 75 and 76: Total flow (Q) is known from the ob
Page 77 and 78: Observed 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 79 and 80: 1 0.9 Observed 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 81 and 82: The second Pi group is the square o
Page 83 and 84: Table 5-2: Empirical equations for
Page 85 and 86: Agreement is best at the smallest f
Page 87 and 88: Efficiency/base efficiency 2.2 2 1.
Page 89 and 90: were typically seen at higher flow
Page 91 and 92: Average difference in calculated ef
Page 93: Depth (ft) Table 5-3: Efficiency er
Page 97 and 98: Observed efficiency 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0
Page 99: design characteristics, higher effi
Page 103: APPENDIX A USDCM GRATE INLET SCHEMA
Page 106 and 107: Figure A-2: Bar P-1-1/8 grate (UDFC
Page 108 and 109: Figure A-4: 45º-tilt bar grate (UD
Page 110 and 111: Figure A-6: Reticuline grate (UDFCD
Page 113 and 114: B.1 On-grade Test Results All three
Page 115 and 116: Test ID Number Configuration Longit
Page 117 and 118: Test ID Number Configuration Table
Page 119 and 120: Table B-5: 4% and 1% on-grade test
Page 121 and 122: Test ID Number Configuration Longit
Page 123 and 124: APPENDIX C SUMP TEST DATA 105
Page 125 and 126: C.1 Sump Test Data All three inlets
Page 127 and 128: APPENDIX D INLET CONSTRUCTION DRAWI
Page 129 and 130: D.1 Inlet Drawings (a) (b) Figure D
Page 131 and 132: (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure D-3: Type R
Page 133 and 134: APPENDIX E DATA COLLECTION 115
Page 135 and 136: UDFCD Curb and Grate Study Data She
Page 137 and 138: APPENDIX F ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS 11
Page 139 and 140: F.1 Additional Parameters Used in R
Page 141 and 142: Test ID Number depth (ft) Tw (ft) A
Page 143 and 144: Test ID Number depth (ft) Tw (ft) A
Page 145 and 146:
Table F-3: Additional parameters fo
Page 147 and 148:
Test ID Number depth (ft) Tw (ft) A
Page 149 and 150:
APPENDIX G REGRESSION ANALYSIS STAT
Page 151 and 152:
G.1 Statistical Qualities type: The
Page 153 and 154:
Plot of logE*pred. Legend: A = 1 ob
Page 155 and 156:
Plot of rstudent*pred. Legend: A =
Page 157 and 158:
The REG Procedure Model: MODEL1 Dep
Page 159 and 160:
Plot of logE*pred. Legend: A = 1 ob
Page 161 and 162:
APPENDIX H CALCULATED EFFICIENCY 14
Page 163 and 164:
H.1 Efficiency Determined from Empi
Page 165 and 166:
Test ID Number Table H-2: Type 16 c
Page 167 and 168:
Table H-3: Type R curb inlet calcul
Page 169:
ELECTRONIC DATA SUPPLEMENT CONTENTS
show all

Hydraulic Efficiency of Grate and Curb Inlets - Urban Drainage and ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?