Hydraulic Efficiency of Grate and Curb Inlets - Urban Drainage and ...

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• The inlet efficiency appears to asymptotically approach a minimum value as the velocity increases. • As the inlet length increases for a given flow velocity, the efficiency increases. • The spread of water across the street section for a given flow decreases as either of the slopes increase. • For a given longitudinal slope, a lower cross slope shows a slightly faster rate of decrease in efficiency as the velocity increases. • For a given cross slope, a lower longitudinal slope shows a slightly faster rate of decrease in efficiency as the velocity increases. • For a given inlet length, the Type 16 inlet is generally the most efficient, followed by the Type 13 and Type R. 4.2 Sump Tests A tabular sample of the sump test data is presented as Table 4-2. All of the flow into the model was captured by the inlets in the sump test condition. The entire sump test data set is included as Appendix C. Test ID Number Configuration Table 4-2: Sample sump test data Longitudinal Slope (%) Cross Slope (%) Flow Depth (ft) Prototype Flow (cfs) 1 Triple No. 13 0 1 0.333 2.5 2 Triple No. 13 0 1 0.501 8.6 3 Triple No. 13 0 1 0.999 42.2 4 Double No. 13 0 1 0.333 2.3 5 Double No. 13 0 1 0.501 7.8 6 Double No. 13 0 1 0.999 27.1 7 Single No. 13 0 1 0.333 2.0 8 Single No. 13 0 1 0.501 5.9 9 Single No. 13 0 1 0.999 15.3 The sump test data are plotted in Figure 4-4 through Figure 4-6 for increasing flow depth for the three inlets tested. 48
45 40 35 Captured flow (cfs) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Gutter line flow depth (ft) 3.3 ft 6.6 ft 9.9 ft Figure 4-4: Type 13 combination-inlet sump test data 40 35 30 Captured flow (cfs) 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Gutterline flow depth (ft) 3.3 ft 6.6 ft 9.9 ft Figure 4-5: Type 16 combination-inlet sump test data 49
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HYDRAULIC EFFICIENCY OF GRATE AND C
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .
Page 7 and 8:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1: Map of
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Figure 5-7: Predicted vs. observed
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Summary o
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LIST OF SYMBOLS, UNITS OF MEASURE,
Page 15 and 16: S c , Sc, cross slope cross (or lat
Page 17 and 18: ID mag meter No. QC ® R5 R9 R12 R1
Page 19 and 20: 1 INTRODUCTION A research program w
Page 21 and 22: 1-1 often require use of these thre
Page 23 and 24: 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Urban storm dra
Page 25 and 26: • All grates showed patterns of i
Page 27 and 28: Q = Q w + Q s Equation 2-1 where: 2
Page 29 and 30: Inlet Name Bar P-1-7/8 Bar P-1-7/8-
Page 31 and 32: 2.2.3 Curb Opening Inlets Curb open
Page 33 and 34: 2.3 Manning’s Equation Uniform fl
Page 35 and 36: where: q 1 = dependent parameter; q
Page 37: Q ⎛ L L Qw ⎞ = f ⎜ , ⎟ Equa
Page 40 and 41: Headbox Pipe Network Inlets Street
Page 42 and 43: capacity. A similar study performed
Page 44 and 45: Table 3-3: Test matrix for 0.33-ft
Page 46 and 47: Table 3-5: Test matrix for 1-ft pro
Page 48 and 49: Solid Plexiglas ® was milled to pr
Page 50 and 51: Figure 3-10: Triple No. 13 combinat
Page 52 and 53: Figure 3-16: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3-22: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 56 and 57: Note Safety Bar Figure 3-28: R5 wit
Page 58 and 59: Flow entering and exiting the model
Page 60 and 61: Following a standardized testing pr
Page 63 and 64: 4 DATA AND OBSERVATIONS Testing res
Page 65: Figure 4-2: Type 16 combination-inl
Page 69 and 70: 5 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS Data selecte
Page 71 and 72: likely due to the nature of the ori
Page 73 and 74: 1 Observed 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 75 and 76: Total flow (Q) is known from the ob
Page 77 and 78: Observed 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 79 and 80: 1 0.9 Observed 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 81 and 82: The second Pi group is the square o
Page 83 and 84: Table 5-2: Empirical equations for
Page 85 and 86: Agreement is best at the smallest f
Page 87 and 88: Efficiency/base efficiency 2.2 2 1.
Page 89 and 90: were typically seen at higher flow
Page 91 and 92: Average difference in calculated ef
Page 93: Depth (ft) Table 5-3: Efficiency er
Page 96 and 97: test data for typical design depths
Page 98 and 99: Observed efficiency 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0
Page 101: 7 REFERENCES Bos, M. G. (1989). Dis
Page 105 and 106: (P-1-7/8 grate does not have the 10
Page 107 and 108: Figure A-3: Curved vane grate (UDFC
Page 109 and 110: Figure A-5: 30º-tilt bar grate (UD
Page 111: APPENDIX B ON-GRADE TEST DATA 93
Page 114 and 115: Test ID Number Configuration Table
Page 116 and 117:
Table B-3: 2% and 1% on-grade test
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Test ID Number Configuration Longit
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Test ID Number Configuration Table
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Table B-7: Additional debris tests
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106
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For the additional sump tests, only
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110
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(a) (b) Figure D-2: Type 16 inlet s
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(a) (b) (c) Figure D-4: Type R curb
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Extent of Flow Station (x) Position
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120
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Test ID Number depth (ft) Tw (ft) A
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Table F-2: Additional parameters fo
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Page 146 and 147:
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130
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132
Page 152 and 153:
Plot of rstudent*pred. Legend: A =
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The REG Procedure Model: MODEL1 Dep
Page 156 and 157:
Plot of logE*pred. Legend: A = 1 ob
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Plot of rstudent*pred. Legend: A =
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142
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144
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Test ID Number Depth (ft) Grates Fl
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Test ID Number Depth (ft) Grates Fl
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Test ID Number Depth Length Flow Ef
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