Hydraulic Efficiency of Grate and Curb Inlets - Urban Drainage and ...

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Figure 3-21: Single No. 16 combination debris test one photograph ............................................35 Figure 3-22: Single No. 16 combination debris test two photograph............................................36 Figure 3-23: R5 curb inlet photograph...........................................................................................36 Figure 3-24: R9 curb inlet photograph...........................................................................................36 Figure 3-25: R12 curb inlet photograph.........................................................................................37 Figure 3-26: R15 curb inlet photograph.........................................................................................37 Figure 3-27: R5 with 4-in. curb opening photograph ....................................................................37 Figure 3-28: R5 with safety bar photograph..................................................................................38 Figure 3-29: Model schematic .......................................................................................................39 Figure 3-30: Data-collection cart photograph (looking upstream) ................................................41 Figure 4-1: Type 13 combination-inlet on-grade test data.............................................................46 Figure 4-2: Type 16 combination-inlet on-grade test data.............................................................47 Figure 4-3: Type R curb inlet on-grade test data ...........................................................................47 Figure 4-4: Type 13 combination-inlet sump test data ..................................................................49 Figure 4-5: Type 16 combination-inlet sump test data ..................................................................49 Figure 4-6: Type R curb inlet sump test data.................................................................................50 Figure 5-1: Analysis flow chart .....................................................................................................52 Figure 5-2: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type 13 combination inlet from UDFCD methods ........................................................................................................53 Figure 5-3: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type 16 combination inlet from UDFCD methods ........................................................................................................54 Figure 5-4: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type R curb inlet from UDFCD methods.......................................................................................................................55 Figure 5-5: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type 13 combination inlet from improved UDFCD methods........................................................................................59 Figure 5-6: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type 16 combination inlet from improved UDFCD methods........................................................................................59 iv
Figure 5-7: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type R curb inlet from improved UDFCD methods ........................................................................................................61 Figure 5-8: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type 13 combination-inlet from empirical equation ......................................................................................................65 Figure 5-9: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type 16 combination-inlet from empirical equation ......................................................................................................66 Figure 5-10: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type R curb inlet from empirical equation.......................................................................................................................66 Figure 5-11: Type 13 combination-inlet efficiency comparison ...................................................67 Figure 5-12: Type 16 combination-inlet efficiency comparison ...................................................67 Figure 5-13: Type R curb inlet efficiency comparison..................................................................68 Figure 5-14: Type 13 combination-inlet regression parameter sensitivity ....................................69 Figure 5-15: Type 16 combination-inlet regression parameter sensitivity ....................................69 Figure 5-16: Type R curb inlet regression parameter sensitivity...................................................70 Figure 5-17: Type 13 inlet configurations and efficiency .............................................................71 Figure 5-18: Type 16 inlet configurations and efficiency .............................................................71 Figure 5-19: Efficiency comparison from empirical equations (Type 16 inlet) ............................72 Figure 5-20: Efficiency comparison from UDFCD methods (Type 16 inlet) ...............................73 Figure 6-1: Type 13 combination-inlet efficiency from all improved methods ............................79 Figure 6-2: Type 16 combination-inlet efficiency from all improved methods ............................79 Figure 6-3: Type R curb inlet efficiency from all improved methods...........................................80 Figure A-1: Bar P-1-7/8 and Bar P-1-7/8-4 grates (UDFCD, 2008) .............................................87 Figure A-2: Bar P-1-1/8 grate (UDFCD, 2008).............................................................................88 Figure A-3: Curved vane grate (UDFCD, 2008) ...........................................................................89 Figure A-4: 45º-tilt bar grate (UDFCD, 2008) ..............................................................................90 Figure A-5: 30º-tilt bar grate (UDFCD, 2008) ..............................................................................91 Figure A-6: Reticuline grate (UDFCD, 2008) ...............................................................................92 v
Page 1: HYDRAULIC EFFICIENCY OF GRATE AND C
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .
Page 7: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1: Map of
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Summary o
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF SYMBOLS, UNITS OF MEASURE,
Page 15 and 16: S c , Sc, cross slope cross (or lat
Page 17 and 18: ID mag meter No. QC ® R5 R9 R12 R1
Page 19 and 20: 1 INTRODUCTION A research program w
Page 21 and 22: 1-1 often require use of these thre
Page 23 and 24: 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Urban storm dra
Page 25 and 26: • All grates showed patterns of i
Page 27 and 28: Q = Q w + Q s Equation 2-1 where: 2
Page 29 and 30: Inlet Name Bar P-1-7/8 Bar P-1-7/8-
Page 31 and 32: 2.2.3 Curb Opening Inlets Curb open
Page 33 and 34: 2.3 Manning’s Equation Uniform fl
Page 35 and 36: where: q 1 = dependent parameter; q
Page 37: Q ⎛ L L Qw ⎞ = f ⎜ , ⎟ Equa
Page 40 and 41: Headbox Pipe Network Inlets Street
Page 42 and 43: capacity. A similar study performed
Page 44 and 45: Table 3-3: Test matrix for 0.33-ft
Page 46 and 47: Table 3-5: Test matrix for 1-ft pro
Page 48 and 49: Solid Plexiglas ® was milled to pr
Page 50 and 51: Figure 3-10: Triple No. 13 combinat
Page 52 and 53: Figure 3-16: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3-22: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 56 and 57: Note Safety Bar Figure 3-28: R5 wit
Page 58 and 59:
Flow entering and exiting the model
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Following a standardized testing pr
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4 DATA AND OBSERVATIONS Testing res
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Figure 4-2: Type 16 combination-inl
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45 40 35 Captured flow (cfs) 30 25
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5 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS Data selecte
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likely due to the nature of the ori
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1 Observed 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
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Total flow (Q) is known from the ob
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Observed 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
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1 0.9 Observed 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
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The second Pi group is the square o
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Table 5-2: Empirical equations for
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Agreement is best at the smallest f
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Efficiency/base efficiency 2.2 2 1.
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were typically seen at higher flow
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Average difference in calculated ef
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Depth (ft) Table 5-3: Efficiency er
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test data for typical design depths
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Observed efficiency 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0
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7 REFERENCES Bos, M. G. (1989). Dis
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(P-1-7/8 grate does not have the 10
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Figure A-3: Curved vane grate (UDFC
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Figure A-5: 30º-tilt bar grate (UD
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APPENDIX B ON-GRADE TEST DATA 93
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Test ID Number Configuration Table
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Table B-3: 2% and 1% on-grade test
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Test ID Number Configuration Longit
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Test ID Number Configuration Table
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Table B-7: Additional debris tests
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106
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For the additional sump tests, only
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110
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(a) (b) Figure D-2: Type 16 inlet s
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(a) (b) (c) Figure D-4: Type R curb
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116
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Extent of Flow Station (x) Position
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120
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Test ID Number depth (ft) Tw (ft) A
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Table F-2: Additional parameters fo
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Page 146 and 147:
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130
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132
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Plot of rstudent*pred. Legend: A =
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The REG Procedure Model: MODEL1 Dep
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Plot of logE*pred. Legend: A = 1 ob
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Plot of rstudent*pred. Legend: A =
Page 160 and 161:
142
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144
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Test ID Number Depth (ft) Grates Fl
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Test ID Number Depth (ft) Grates Fl
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Test ID Number Depth Length Flow Ef
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