Hydraulic Efficiency of Grate and Curb Inlets - Urban Drainage and ...

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Observed 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1 ft depth 0.5 ft depth 0.33 ft depth Equal 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Predicted Figure 5-9: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type 16 combination-inlet from empirical equation Observed 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1 ft depth 0.5 ft depth 0.33 ft depth Equal 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Predicted Figure 5-10: Predicted vs. observed efficiency for Type R curb inlet from empirical equation By developing new equations to predict efficiency, it was possible to further improve predictions for inlet efficiency over previous sections. With new equations presented here, the average error in predicted efficiency was reduced to about 5% for all inlets with R 2 values between 0.84 and 0.90. Overall agreement between observed and predicted efficiency is improved over previous methods for all test depths. A comparison is shown in Figure 5-11 through Figure 5-13 between the empirical equations and the improved UDFCD methods. 66
Agreement is best at the smallest flow depth for the Type 13 and 16 inlets. This is due to the test conditions of the original FHWA model described previously which only tested to a maximum depth of 0.45 ft. For the Type R curb inlet, agreement is best at a high-flow depth. Empirical 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1 1 ft depth 0.5 ft depth 0.33 ft depth Equal 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 UDFCD new Figure 5-11: Type 13 combination-inlet efficiency comparison Empirical 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1 ft depth 0.5 ft depth 0.33 ft depth Equal 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 UDFCD new Figure 5-12: Type 16 combination-inlet efficiency comparison 67
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HYDRAULIC EFFICIENCY OF GRATE AND C
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .
Page 7 and 8:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1: Map of
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Figure 5-7: Predicted vs. observed
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Summary o
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LIST OF SYMBOLS, UNITS OF MEASURE,
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S c , Sc, cross slope cross (or lat
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ID mag meter No. QC ® R5 R9 R12 R1
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1 INTRODUCTION A research program w
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1-1 often require use of these thre
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2 LITERATURE REVIEW Urban storm dra
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• All grates showed patterns of i
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Q = Q w + Q s Equation 2-1 where: 2
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Inlet Name Bar P-1-7/8 Bar P-1-7/8-
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2.2.3 Curb Opening Inlets Curb open
Page 33 and 34: 2.3 Manning’s Equation Uniform fl
Page 35 and 36: where: q 1 = dependent parameter; q
Page 37: Q ⎛ L L Qw ⎞ = f ⎜ , ⎟ Equa
Page 40 and 41: Headbox Pipe Network Inlets Street
Page 42 and 43: capacity. A similar study performed
Page 44 and 45: Table 3-3: Test matrix for 0.33-ft
Page 46 and 47: Table 3-5: Test matrix for 1-ft pro
Page 48 and 49: Solid Plexiglas ® was milled to pr
Page 50 and 51: Figure 3-10: Triple No. 13 combinat
Page 52 and 53: Figure 3-16: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3-22: Single No. 16 combinat
Page 56 and 57: Note Safety Bar Figure 3-28: R5 wit
Page 58 and 59: Flow entering and exiting the model
Page 60 and 61: Following a standardized testing pr
Page 63 and 64: 4 DATA AND OBSERVATIONS Testing res
Page 65 and 66: Figure 4-2: Type 16 combination-inl
Page 67 and 68: 45 40 35 Captured flow (cfs) 30 25
Page 69 and 70: 5 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS Data selecte
Page 71 and 72: likely due to the nature of the ori
Page 73 and 74: 1 Observed 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 75 and 76: Total flow (Q) is known from the ob
Page 77 and 78: Observed 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 79 and 80: 1 0.9 Observed 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Page 81 and 82: The second Pi group is the square o
Page 83: Table 5-2: Empirical equations for
Page 87 and 88: Efficiency/base efficiency 2.2 2 1.
Page 89 and 90: were typically seen at higher flow
Page 91 and 92: Average difference in calculated ef
Page 93: Depth (ft) Table 5-3: Efficiency er
Page 96 and 97: test data for typical design depths
Page 98 and 99: Observed efficiency 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0
Page 101: 7 REFERENCES Bos, M. G. (1989). Dis
Page 105 and 106: (P-1-7/8 grate does not have the 10
Page 107 and 108: Figure A-3: Curved vane grate (UDFC
Page 109 and 110: Figure A-5: 30º-tilt bar grate (UD
Page 111: APPENDIX B ON-GRADE TEST DATA 93
Page 114 and 115: Test ID Number Configuration Table
Page 116 and 117: Table B-3: 2% and 1% on-grade test
Page 118 and 119: Test ID Number Configuration Longit
Page 120 and 121: Test ID Number Configuration Table
Page 122 and 123: Table B-7: Additional debris tests
Page 124 and 125: 106
Page 126 and 127: For the additional sump tests, only
Page 128 and 129: 110
Page 130 and 131: (a) (b) Figure D-2: Type 16 inlet s
Page 132 and 133: (a) (b) (c) Figure D-4: Type R curb
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Page 136 and 137:
Extent of Flow Station (x) Position
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120
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Test ID Number depth (ft) Tw (ft) A
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Table F-2: Additional parameters fo
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Page 146 and 147:
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130
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132
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Plot of rstudent*pred. Legend: A =
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The REG Procedure Model: MODEL1 Dep
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Plot of logE*pred. Legend: A = 1 ob
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Plot of rstudent*pred. Legend: A =
Page 160 and 161:
142
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144
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Test ID Number Depth (ft) Grates Fl
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Test ID Number Depth (ft) Grates Fl
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Test ID Number Depth Length Flow Ef
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Hydraulic Efficiency of Grate and Curb Inlets - Urban Drainage and ...

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