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English Grammar Drills

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Basic Verb Forms 121<br />

12. approach<br />

13. destroy<br />

14. eliminate<br />

15. convince<br />

Past tense<br />

There are two different types of past-tense forms: regular and irregular. The regular verbs form<br />

their past tense by adding -ed (or -d if the word already ends in e) to the base form.<br />

The -(e)d ending has three different, but completely predictable pronunciations. If the base<br />

ends in either t or d, the -ed is pronounced as a separate syllable /ǝd/ rhyming with bud. Here are<br />

some examples:<br />

-ed pronounced as separate syllable<br />

fainted<br />

goaded<br />

kidded<br />

mended<br />

parted<br />

raided<br />

If the base ends in a voiceless consonant except for t, the -ed is pronounced /t/. The final<br />

voiceless consonants are usually spelled -p, -(c)k, -s, -sh, -(t)ch, -x, -f. and -gh (when pronounced<br />

/f/). Here are some examples:<br />

-ed pronounced /t/<br />

boxed<br />

capped<br />

clutched<br />

coughed<br />

kissed<br />

packed<br />

If the base ends in a vowel or voiced consonant except for d, the -ed is pronounced /d/. Here<br />

are some examples:<br />

-ed pronounced /d/<br />

annoyed<br />

bored

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