English Grammar Drills

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Questions and Negatives 217 The basic characteristic of yes-no questions is that the subject and verb are inverted. In a statement, the normal word order is subject verb. In yes-no questions, the subject and verb have been inverted so that the word order is verb subject. Here are some more examples with the subject in italics and the verb in bold: Statement We should call them. Bill is sick. I can come, too. They will be home late. You are leaving tonight. He has lost his mind. Inverted yes-no question Should we call them? Is Bill sick? Can I come, too? Will they be home late? Are you leaving tonight? Has he lost his mind? Only a handful of verbs can be used in forming inverted yes-no questions. The vast majority of verbs cannot be inverted. For example: Statement word order John works in New York. He commutes from Princeton. His parents live in California. Inverted word order X Works John in New York? X Commutes he from Princeton? X Live his parents in California? (If you think these inverted questions have a vaguely Shakespearean or King James Bible ring to them, you are absolutely correct. Up until the beginning of the eighteenth century, it was perfectly grammatical to form yes-no questions by inverting the first verb with the subject, no matter what the first verb was: helping verbs and main verbs alike both inverted with the subjects.) There is no standard name in traditional grammar for the verbs in modern English that can be inverted to form yes-no questions. The verbs that can be inverted are made up of just the following three groups of verbs: 1. Modal auxiliary verbs: These include can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would. Here are some examples of questions formed with modal auxiliary verbs: Statement word order We can drive there. I may see you later. You would like them. Inverted word order Can we drive there? May I see you later? Would you like them? Note: In traditional grammar will is singled out from the other modal auxiliary verbs as part of the future tense. Actually, there is nothing special about will from a grammatical point of view— it is just another one of the modal auxiliary verbs.
218 Sentences 2. Helping verbs: The helping verbs are be and have. They help to form the progressive and perfect tenses. Progressive: Perfect: be (am, is, are, was, were) have (have, has, had) Here are some examples of questions formed with helping verbs: Statement word order He is leaving soon. John was staying there. They have been very busy. She had returned his e-mail. Inverted word order Is he leaving soon? Was John staying there? Have they been very busy? Had she returned his e-mail? 3. Main verbs: In American English, the only main verb that can be used to form yes-no questions is be (am, is, are, was, were). Here are some examples of questions formed with the main verb be: Statement word order The kids are at school. Jane is an accountant. He is here. Inverted word order Are the kids at school? Is Jane an accountant? Is he here? Note: In British English have used as a main verb can also be inverted to form yes-no questions. We will discuss the difference between the British and American use of have as a main verb later in this chapter. Exercise 13.2 Turn the following statements into yes-no questions. Underline the verb(s) in the question and identify whether the first verb is a modal auxiliary, helping verb, or main verb. John has locked the gates. helping verb Has John locked the gates? 1. We are ready to leave soon.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR DRILLS
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR DRILLS Mark Lester
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Contents Preface . . . . . . . . .
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Preface This book focuses on the gr
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PART 1 Noun Phrases
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1 Nouns Proper and common nouns The
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Count nouns Nouns 5 Most count noun
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Nouns 7 Singular fly toy Plural fli
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Nouns 9 on the pronunciation of the
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Nouns 11 thief wolf thieves wolves
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Nouns 13 cheese (noncount): cheese
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Nouns 15 that the -s’ with these
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Nouns 17 Exercise 1.7 Write the plu
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Adjectives 19 1. It always immediat
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Adjectives 21 3. fast/all fast: all
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Adjectives 23 -Y Base Comparative S
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Adjectives 25 13. physical 14. stra
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3 Articles Articles are by far the
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Articles 29 The use of the definite
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Articles 31 In the first example, w
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Articles 33 This is the first time
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Articles 35 4. Go down Elm Street a
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Articles 37 1. When the speaker doe
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Articles 39 Exercise 3.6 Fill in th
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Articles 41 Dogs are usually protec
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Articles 43 4. Can you get bread an
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Post-Noun Modifiers 45 The tall you
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Post-Noun Modifiers 47 beyond betwe
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Post-Noun Modifiers 49 As you can s
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Post-Noun Modifiers 51 We interview
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Post-Noun Modifiers 53 In this sent
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Post-Noun Modifiers 55 In the follo
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Post-Noun Modifiers 57 13. The key
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Post-Noun Modifiers 59 12. They ide
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Post-Noun Modifiers 61 1. The Shake
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Post-Noun Modifiers 63 1. By far th
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Post-Noun Modifiers 65 Since we typ
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5 Pronouns In this chapter we will
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Pronouns 69 Object Him: Her: It: Th
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Pronouns 71 Subject: Object: Comple
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Pronouns 73 Of the two solutions, t
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Reflexive pronouns Pronouns 75 Refl
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Pronouns 77 4. I told them that I w
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Pronouns 79 4. I couldn’t help sm
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Gerunds and Infinitives 81 Exercise
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Gerunds and Infinitives 83 it Don
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Gerunds and Infinitives 85 Gerund:
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Gerunds and Infinitives 87 Infiniti
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Gerunds and Infinitives 89 13. The
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7 Noun Clauses Noun clauses are dep
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Noun Clauses 93 Predicate nominativ
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Noun Clauses 95 1. That it was over
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Noun Clauses 97 3. The experiment t
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Wh- clauses Noun Clauses 99 The sec
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Noun Clauses 101 it The question is
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Noun Clauses 103 When we hear or re
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Noun Clauses 105 9. My friends were
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Noun Clauses 107 5. They were natur
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PART 2 Verb Phrases
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8 Basic Verb Forms This chapter dea
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Basic Verb Forms 113 We can show th
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Present tense Basic Verb Forms 115
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Basic Verb Forms 117 The third-pers
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Basic Verb Forms 119 16. show 17. f
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Basic Verb Forms 121 12. approach 1
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Basic Verb Forms 123 Base hop rob r
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Present participle Basic Verb Forms
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Basic Verb Forms 127 fly freeze hid
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9 Verb Tenses This chapter deals wi
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Verb Tenses 131 Been is a helping v
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Verb Tenses 133 The present tense i
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Verb Tenses 135 The use of the past
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Verb Tenses 137 past tense present
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Verb Tenses 139 The audience took t
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Verb Tenses 141 The train leave the
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Verb Tenses 143 The practical diffe
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Verb Tenses 145 12. The design cons
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Future progressive Verb Tenses 147
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Simple Verb Complements 149 In this
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Simple Verb Complements 151 The old
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Simple Verb Complements 153 it I ne
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Simple Verb Complements 155 Even mo
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Simple Verb Complements 157 The obv
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Simple Verb Complements 159 14. We
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Simple Verb Complements 161 3. The
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Simple Verb Complements 163 14. Our
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Simple Verb Complements 165 1. The
Page 176 and 177: 11 Multiple Verb Complements A comp
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Page 182 and 183: Multiple Verb Complements 173 In bo
Page 184 and 185: Multiple Verb Complements 175 8. Th
Page 186 and 187: Multiple Verb Complements 177 He dr
Page 188 and 189: Multiple Verb Complements 179 8. Th
Page 190 and 191: Multiple Verb Complements 181 That
Page 192 and 193: Multiple Verb Complements 183 Even
Page 194 and 195: Multiple Verb Complements 185 causa
Page 196 and 197: Multiple Verb Complements 187 Exerc
Page 198 and 199: Multiple Verb Complements 189 Objec
Page 200 and 201: Multiple Verb Complements 191 14. I
Page 202 and 203: Adverbs 193 3. now 4. also 5. even
Page 204 and 205: Adverbs 195 honest jealous last qui
Page 206 and 207: Adverbs 197 Adjectives due gay true
Page 208 and 209: Adverbs 199 completely The plan was
Page 210 and 211: Adverbs 201 Exercise 12.5 Underline
Page 212 and 213: Adverbs 203 Sub Conj statement I’
Page 214 and 215: Adverbs 205 Adverb infinitive phras
Page 216 and 217: Adverbs 207 Adverbs of place (singl
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Page 220 and 221: Adverbs 211 14. to get any real com
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Page 224 and 225: 13 Questions and Negatives Every la
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Page 236 and 237: Questions and Negatives 227 Noun ph
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Page 248 and 249: Questions and Negatives 239 7. I am
Page 250 and 251: Questions and Negatives 241 Exercis
Page 252 and 253: Questions and Negatives 243 changes
Page 254 and 255: Questions and Negatives 245 Often a
Page 256 and 257: Questions and Negatives 247 Exercis
Page 258 and 259: 14 The Passive In most sentences, t
Page 260 and 261: The Passive 251 3. Finally, the mys
Page 262 and 263: The Passive 253 McGraw-Hill publish
Page 264 and 265: The Passive 255 Active: Passive: Mo
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Page 268 and 269: 15 Indirect Quotation There are two
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Indirect Quotation 267 4. They aske
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Indirect Quotation 269 Exercise 15.
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Final Review 271 Exercise 16.2 (Cha
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Final Review 273 4. Be careful, the
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Final Review 275 Exercise 16.9 (Cha
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Final Review 277 5. The students co
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Final Review 279 Exercise 16.16 (Ch
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Final Review 281 9. I certainly sym
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Final Review 283 4. reply 5. ship 6
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Final Review 285 6. We go for a swi
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Final Review 287 8. She dressed up
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Final Review 289 2. What book have
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Final Review 291 8. After the prese
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Final Review 293 Exercise 16.34 (Ch
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Answer Key Chapter 1 Exercise 1.1 1
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Answer Key 297 Exercise 2.3 1. capa
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Answer Key 299 Chapter 4 Exercise 4
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Answer Key 301 4. that you can wear
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Answer Key 303 Exercise 6.2 1. Putt
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Answer Key 305 using his hands. 4.
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Answer Key 307 Chapter 9 Exercise 9
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Answer Key 309 Exercise 10.4 1. Ins
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Answer Key 311 of State for Latin A
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Answer Key 313 Exercise 11.13 1. Ob
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Answer Key 315 last ice storm, the
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Answer Key 317 Exercise 13.6 1. ∅
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Answer Key 319 Chapter 14 Exercise
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Answer Key 321 of her car yet. 9. A
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Answer Key 323 Exercise 16.12 1. my
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Answer Key 325 Exercise 16.25 1. vi
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