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English Grammar Drills

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12 Noun Phrases<br />

4. There are coyotes and wolfs in the area, but their dogs help keep them away.<br />

5. The coyotes in particular are like thiefs, always waiting and watching.<br />

6. If a coyote gets just a few feets inside the fence, the horses will drive it away.<br />

7. Once they lost some sheeps when some childs left a gate open.<br />

8. Their valley is full of deers, which also support a large population of coyotes.<br />

9. The river in the valley is full of salmons in the fall.<br />

10. Farming is terribly hard work, but we all choose the lifes we want to live.<br />

Noncount nouns<br />

The types of noncount nouns that you are most likely to encounter fall into the semantic categories<br />

listed below:<br />

Abstractions:<br />

Food:<br />

Liquids and gases:<br />

Materials:<br />

Natural phenomena:<br />

Weather words:<br />

beauty, charity, faith, hope, knowledge, justice, luck, reliability<br />

butter, cheese, chicken, pepper, rice, salt<br />

beer, blood, coffee, gasoline, water, air, oxygen<br />

cement, glass, gold, paper, plastic, silk, wood, wool<br />

electricity, gravity, matter, space<br />

fog, pollution, rain, snow, wind<br />

With certain exceptions that are discussed below, these noncount nouns are ungrammatical<br />

if they are used in the plural. For example:<br />

X Please get some more butters.<br />

X We need to stop and get gasolines.<br />

X The cements on the garage floors are cracking.<br />

X The electricities have been turned off in all the apartments.<br />

X Everyone has noticed the worsening pollutions around major cities.<br />

Many noncount nouns can be used as count nouns with a predictable shift in meaning to something<br />

like “different kinds of.” Here are some examples:<br />

gasoline (noncount):<br />

gasoline (count):<br />

The price of gasoline is outrageous. (liquid)<br />

The station sells three gasolines. (different kinds or grades of<br />

gasoline)

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