CITY OF DES MOINES SHORELINE MASTER PROGRAM

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Des Moines Shoreline Master Program and overall loss in upper beach area. Fish and wildlife that utilize the shoreline depend on these nearshore processes to maintain their habitats and ultimately their populations. 2.3 Habitat and Species City shorelines provide important nearshore habitats, such as eelgrass meadows and kelp forests, that support a variety of marine fishes, birds, and invertebrates.. Of special interest are areas that provide habitat for species listed under the Federal Endangered Species Act, “priority” species and habitats listed by Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, and species of local importance, including bull trout (threatened), Chinook salmon (threatened), coho salmon, as well as pigeon guillemot, mergansers, coromants, grebes, belted kingfishers, bald eagles, and great blue heron nest sites. Forage fish, such as surf smelt and sand lance (prey for salmonids), also spawn on local beaches. 2.4 Land Use and Public Access The major land uses along the Des Moines shoreline are single-family homes, parks, and public marina/waterfront facilities. The City’s most common shoreline use is single-family residential, which occupies 57 percent of the shoreline (approximately 2.7 miles total). Parks and public, water-oriented facilities occupy 25 percent of the shoreline (approximately 1.2 miles total). These uses include the Des Moines Beach Park, the Des Moines Marina and fishing pier, the S. 239th Street Access, Salt Water State Park, and Redondo Beach Park and commercial area. These areas provide opportunities for boating, fishing, and beach recreation. 2.5 Conclusions The Puget Sound shoreline in the City of Des Moines is characteristic of urbanized waterfront development elsewhere in the region. Public access to the shoreline, recreational opportunities, and water-oriented uses such as boating and fishing abound in Des Moines. In this regard, goals of the SMA related to public use and enjoyment of the State’s shorelines have been met well in the City. However, the natural structure and functions occurring at the shoreline have been significantly altered through structural development of bulkheads and riprap revetments along much of the city’s shoreline. These changes have altered the natural net-shore drift direction and the availability and local distribution of beach sediment. Additionally, development on a watershed scale has affected the shoreline by increasing impervious area in uplands, resulting in increased peak flow velocities and volumes, impaired water quality, and erosion in streams that discharge to Puget Sound. Detailed discussion of altered or degraded shoreline ecological functions in Des Moines is contained in Appendix A, Shoreline Inventory and Characterization. 2.6 Opportunities Opportunities for site-specific habitat enhancement or restoration of shoreline ecological functions are focused on stream mouths in public parks. Several stream mouths have been piped in culverts or extensively modified by fill and riprap. Replacing riprap with soft-shore, or “bioengineered” alternatives for bank stabilization (and removing fill in places), along with use of native marine riparian plantings, would promote restoration of subestuaries and benefit fish and Department of Ecology approval effective November 1, 2010 14 Adopted by City of Des Moines Ordinance No. 1502
Des Moines Shoreline Master Program wildlife. These site-specific projects would likely have a marginal effect on restoring ecosystem wide processes, particularly nearshore coastal processes, since so much of the city’s shoreline is structurally modified, but would still be important and valuable efforts toward habitat enhancement and restoration of impaired ecological functions. Detailed discussion of sitespecific habitat enhancement and restoration opportunities are in Chapter 4 – Restoration Planning. The description of each opportunity includes discussion of how degraded shoreline ecological functions would be improved. Programmatic opportunities include coordination with the City’s surface water management program, public education and outreach to provide technical guidance for shoreline homeowners, and the possibility for community-based restoration on private property. Opportunities for enhancing public awareness and education could include installation of informational kiosks at public parks and waterfront use areas such as the marina and the Redondo boat launch. The City could also coordinate with King County, the Water Resource Inventory Area (WRIA) 9 forum, and other regional or Puget Sound-wide planning efforts to implement nearshore restoration policies and actions. Department of Ecology approval effective November 1, 2010 Adopted by City of Des Moines Ordinance No. 1502 15
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CITY OF DES MOINES SHORELINE MASTER PROGRAM

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