Phase 1B Underwater Archaeological Report for the Onondaga ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

FINAL Phase IB Underwater Archaeological Resources Report for Onondaga Lake Superfund Site Recommend Avoidance ........................................................................................................................ 154 Anomaly 17-1 and 17-2: Spud Barges .............................................................................................. 154 Historic Context ........................................................................................................................... 154 Research Results .......................................................................................................................... 156 Significance Evaluation for A17 ................................................................................................... 157 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 157 Anomaly 20: Rock Scow ................................................................................................................... 161 Research Results .......................................................................................................................... 161 Significance Evaluation ................................................................................................................ 165 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 166 Anomaly 22: Pleasant Beach Pier ..................................................................................................... 167 Historic Context ........................................................................................................................... 167 Research Results .......................................................................................................................... 167 Significance Evaluation ................................................................................................................ 168 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 168 Anomaly 33: Canal Boat ................................................................................................................... 169 Research Results .......................................................................................................................... 169 Significance Evaluation ................................................................................................................ 172 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 173 Recommend Other ............................................................................................................................... 174 Anomaly 13: Canal Boat ................................................................................................................... 174 Research Results .......................................................................................................................... 174 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 174 Anomaly 54: Wooden Bulkhead ....................................................................................................... 175 Research Results .......................................................................................................................... 175 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................... 176 Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................. 179 Appendix 1: Field Logs .............................................................................................................................. 184 Appendix 2: Dive Logs ............................................................................................................................... 218 Appendix 3: List of Acronyms.................................................................................................................... 229 Appendix 4: Glossary ................................................................................................................................ 231 Appendix 5: New York State Canal System Resource Eligibility Statement .............................................. 236 Appendix 6: Onondaga Nation’s Spiritual and Cultural History of Onondaga Lake .................................. 240 Appendix 7: Resumes of Key Project Personnel ....................................................................................... 241 Appendix 8: Human Remains Discovery Protocol ..................................................................................... 249 Endnotes ................................................................................................................................................... 250 ix
FINAL Phase IB Underwater Archaeological Resources Report for Onondaga Lake Superfund Site LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Map of New York State showing the Project Area......................................................................... 2 Figure 2. Excerpt from the Syracuse West 7.5 minute Quadrangle showing Onondaga Lake (United States Geological Survey, Syracuse, New York 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, 2010). ............................................. 3 Figure 3. Map of the lakes and ponds discussed in this section: 1-Lake Huron; 2-Crawford Lake; 3-Finger Lakes; 4-Mattews Pond, Maine; 5-Whitehead Lake, Maine (after Environmental Systems Research Institute). .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Figure 4. Excerpt of canoe imagery from French explorer LaHontan’s notes (from Adney and Chappelle 2007). ................................................................................................................................................. 11 Figure 5: Late eighteenth century map of Onondaga Lake with the project shoreline APE labeled as swamps and springs. .......................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 6. Eighteenth century map of Native American settlements in New York (from Bruce 1896, excerpted from Hohman 2004). ......................................................................................................... 14 Figure 7. 1898 USGS Map of Syracuse showing the Oswego Canal on the east side of the lake (United States Geological Survey, Syracuse, New York 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, 1898). ................................ 16 Figure 8. 1926 navigational chart showing the northern entrance to Onondaga Lake via the Onondaga Outlet. Barge Canal vessels could access the lake via the Seneca River, part of the Barge Canal, and through the Outlet (U.S. Lake Survey Office, New York State Canals, Erie Canal, Brewerton to Cross Lake and Syracuse and Oswego Canal, Three River Point to Oswego, 1926). ................................... 17 Figure 9. 1926 navigational chart of the southern part of Onondaga Lake, showing access to the harbor at Syracuse (U.S. Lake Survey Office, New York State Canals, Erie Canal, Brewerton to Cross Lake and Syracuse and Oswego Canal, Three River Point to Oswego, 1926). ............................................ 18 Figure 10. Steel Barge at the southern terminal at Onondaga Lake (courtesy Onondaga Historical Association). ....................................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 11. Postcard showing the solar evaporation method in the salt sheds near Syracuse (from www.vintageviews.org, n.d.). ............................................................................................................ 19 Figure 12. Postcard of the Solvay Process Works (from www.vintageviews.org, n.d.). ............................. 20 Figure 13. Steamer Milton S. Price entering the Iron Pier (courtesy Onondaga Historical Association). ... 21 Figure 14. A steamboat loaded with guests approaches Iron Pier (1899, Onondaga Historical Association Collection). ......................................................................................................................................... 22 Figure 15. Postcard of the Boulevard with the Syracuse Yacht Club on the right and a trolley on the left (from vintageviews.org, n.d.). ............................................................................................................ 22 Figure 16. Advertisement for Iron Pier, 1890 (Lithograph by Gies and Co., Buffalo; Original image property of Helen Heid Platner). ........................................................................................................ 23 Figure 17. Postcard showing the Syracuse Yacht Club (from vintageviews.org, n.d.). ............................... 24 Figure 18. Ice boat Best Girl at Rockaway Beach circa 1900 (from Thompson, 2002). .............................. 25 Figure 19. Diagrams showing the comparative maximum sizes of Durham boat [pre-Erie Canal], an original Erie canal boat and an enlarged Erie canal boat (from www.eriecanal.org). ....................... 28 Figure 20. Horse being taken out of its stable (courtesy Albert R. Stone Negative Collection, Rochester Museum & Science Center). ............................................................................................................... 29 Figure 21. Diagram of a steel canal boat (from Annual Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor of the State of New York, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1904, 1905). ........................................ 31 Figure 22. Photograph showing a bucket dredge with spuds excavating the barge canal in 1906 or 1907 with a dump scow in the foreground (LCMM Collection) .................................................................. 33 Figure 23. Diagram of a steel tugs (from Annual Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor of the State of New York, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1904, 1905). ..................................................... 34 x
Page 1 and 2: Phase 1B Underwater Archaeological
Page 3 and 4: FINAL Phase IB Underwater Archaeolo
Page 9: FINAL Phase IB Underwater Archaeolo
Page 61 and 62:
FINAL Phase IB Underwater Archaeolo
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273:
show all

Phase 1B Underwater Archaeological Report for the Onondaga ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?