Phase 1B Underwater Archaeological Report for the Onondaga ...

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FINAL Phase IB Underwater Archaeological Resources Report for Onondaga Lake Superfund Site Digital data were exported from the Kongsberg MS1000 software in GeoTiff format. Image resolution ranged from approximately 0.3937in (1cm) to 3.9in (10cm) per pixel depending on the sonar range setting of each file. The exported images for each anomaly were imported to ArcGIS and a scaled map of each anomaly was created by selecting the most representative file(s) and adjusting file transparency. Each of the full resolution GeoTiff images and raw data files has been provided to facilitate further characterization of anomalies. Kongsberg MS1000 software has been provided to allow playback of raw data and adjustment of image properties (e.g., color and contrast). Remotely Operated Vehicle Inspections Anomalies in the project area were investigated by using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). CRE personnel navigated the survey vessel Lophius to the anomaly using the Hemisphere DGPS, and a laptop computer loaded with the HYPACK navigation software. The laptop displayed the vessel position, steering information to the intended target, as well as georeferenced side scan and scanning sonar images of the targets as background files. The ROV system used for the anomaly inspection was a Benthos Open Frame Mini-Rover (Figure 29). A backup Outland Technology Model 1000 ROV was also provided. The Benthos ROV was equipped with a high resolution color camera, electronic compass, depth transducer, (2) 250 watt lights, (4) thrusters, and 1,000 feet (304.8m) of neutrally weighted tether. The ROV was also outfitted with a Tritech Micron scanning sonar used to locate anomalies at the deeper stations. Underwater video footage was displayed on a high resolution monitor and recorded simultaneously on two DVD recorders. Figure 29. Benthos Open Frame Mini-Rover (LCMM Collection). 41
FINAL Phase IB Underwater Archaeological Resources Report for Onondaga Lake Superfund Site DIVING TECHNIQUES In October 2010 and June 2011, LCMM, under subcontract to Parsons, executed dive verification of selected anomalies in the project area (Figure 30). Dive operations were carried out from October 24 through October 29, 2010, and June 20 through 29, 2011 under the direction of LCMM with dive vessel support provided by CRE. The fieldwork was executed by Arthur Cohn (LCMM Executive Director and Dive Safety Officer), Pierre LaRocque (LCMM Archaeologist and Assistant Dive Safety Officer), Adam Kane (LCMM Archaeological Director), Sarah Tichonuk (LCMM Archaeologist), Christopher Sabick (LCMM Archaeologist), Shipherd Densmore (CRE Survey Vessel Captain), Kenneth Thomson (CRE Oceanographic Technician) and Andrew Spilane (CRE Oceanographic Technician). Safety oversight was provided by Parsons through Kelly Miller. All dive operations were guided by the Dive Safety Plan created by the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum specifically for the work carried out in Onondaga Lake, and by LCMM’s Safe Diving Practices Manual. 112 These documents detail the specific safety and decontamination procedures that were maintained during all dive operations, and the specialized equipment that was employed to limit direct diver contact with the lake water and sediment. Each team member met the training and qualification requirements established in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Safety and Health Requirements Manual (EM-385-1-1). 113 Figure 30. Diver prepares to enter the water from the bow door of R/V Lophius (LCMM Collection). Dive operations were staged out of Onondaga Lake Park Marina. This site was ideal due to its central location to the project area, ample space for equipment preparation and break-down, and access to restroom facilities. All dive operations were performed from the deck of CRE’s 26 foot (8m) survey vessel Lophius. Divers were outfitted with dive equipment designed to prevent skin contact with contaminated sediments (Figure 31). All dive equipment had been serviced and was certified at the time of dive operations. This equipment consisted of: 42
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