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Climate 181 Table 10.3.4 Main Areas of Environmental Concern and their Major Problems Sl. No. Area Major Problems 1 Mahananda Basin Frequently flooded, also subject to droughts. 2 West-central Barind Being desiccate through improper land-use. Low water-table and poor soils affect crop, agriculture. 3 Middle Karatoa floodplain Affected by drying-up of Karatoa river. Double-cropping of HYV rice has led to severe Sulphur and Zinc deficiencies. 4 Brahmaputra-Jamuna Entire stretch affected by Brahmaputra Right Bank embankment, which has floodplain breached 4 out of the last 5 years. The main river may be shifting westwards. Large floating population in the charlands. Sand-deposits after floods often ruin cultivable land. 5 Chalan Beel One of the richest wetland areas of Bangladesh, now almost ruined by FCDI projects. 6 Atrai-Hurasagar drainage basin Due to construction of ill-conceived embankments and regulators, drainage has been impeded and water-logging has become a serious problem. 7 South west Jessore This area is climatically subject to wide variations in rainfall and temperature. Due to reduced flow in the Ganges in the dry season, salinity has increased and freshwater flow has decreased. 8 Northern Khulna Large-scale shrimp farming has increased salinity and created farmer conflicts and reduced rice production. 9 Khulna City and Mongla town Problem area due to industrial pollution, oil spills from ships, and urban congestion. 10 Sunderbans Increased salinity, increasing amounts of ship oil, industrial chemicals etc. has led to the top-dying of several species of trees. There has also been over cutting of the forest for industrial use. 11 Patuakhali-Bhola-Noakhali Char Water-logging, salinity, and diluvian. areas 12 Garo Hills Piedmount Erosion, flash floods and loss of tree cover has led to decreasing agricultural productivity 13 Tangail Silting of rivers and increase in sudden flooding. 14 Madhupur Tract Deforestation and improper use of sloping land has led to topsoil erosion. 15 Sitalakhya River Industrial plants at Ghorashal, Palash and Demra discharge toxic chemicals into this river causing loss of fisheries and creation of hazard for public health. 16 Dhaka City Industrial pollution; urban expansion destroying class-1 agricultural land and some of the best horticultural land in the country. 17 Haor basin Reduction in fish spawning areas. 18 South Sylhet Affected by deforestation, flash floods, and soil erosion. 19 Lalmai Range Deforestation, erosion, and soil removal. 20 Lower Meghna Affected by floods, erosion, stagnant productivity, loss of fisheries, and population pressure. 21 Central Noakhali Water-logging in the wet season due to impeded drainage, lack of irrigation supply in dry season due to salinity of the groundwater. Decreasing agricultural productivity, increasing population. 22 Sandwip Thickly populated island are being eroded rapidly. New land formations not consolidated. Frequently affected by cyclone surges. 23 Sitakunda range Affected by deforestation, erosion, loss of productivity by losing major source of thatching grass and therefore urgently requires Land-use Planning. 24 Chittagong City and Port Industrial pollution, oil spills, cutting down of hills leading to increasing erosion and consequently silting of rivers. [Contd.]
182 People's Report 2002-2003 : Bangladesh Environment Table 10.3.4 Sl. No. Area Major Problems 25 Chandraghona Industrial units discharge large quantities of chemicals into Karnafuli river, destroying fisheries and posing threat to public health. 26 Hill Tracts Slash and burn cultivation (Jhoom) and improper use of hill slopes by immigrants has greatly increased erosion and flooding of valleys, with consequent loss of productivity. Serious decline in tree-cover has also occurred. 27 Chakaria Sunderbans A forest area totally destroyed for use as shrimp farms. Now yields are declining and soils are becoming highly acidic. 28 Chittagong Coast-Kutubdia Severe bank erosion, loss of land, and increase in salinity. island 29 Cox's Bazar Tropical moist forests with unique bio-diversity being destroyed through clearfelling and planting operations, unchecked encroachment and illicit cutting of trees. 30 Jinjira island and reef Coral reef being destroyed through over-exploitation of corals and molluscs. 31 Muhuri basin Flood control, drainage and irrigation project has increased rice production. Surface water pollution through use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Source : Hoq and Lechne (1995)
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People's Report 2002-2003 BANGLADES
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First published December 2004 © Un
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vi Table 1.2.26 Arsenic Concentrati
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xii Table 9.1.9 Casualty Distributi
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Acknowledgements People's Report 20
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Chapter 1 Land and Agriculture 1.1
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Table 1.1.6 Summary of Tea Garden L
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Forestry 55 2.1 Basic Statistics Ta
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Forestry 59 Table 2.1.7 Management
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Forestry 61 2.2 Forest Product Tabl
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Water 89 4.1 Surface Water, Flood a
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Water 103 Table 4.2.2 Regional Vari
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Water 105 Table 4.2.6 Source of Wat
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Water 107 Table 4.2.13 Water Pricin
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Water 109 4.3 Water Quality Table 4
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Water 111 Table 4.3.2b Cr (mg/L) Co
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Chapter 5 Industry 5.1 Waste Genera
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Energy 121 6.1 Energy Source and Co
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Energy 123 Table 6.2.2 Existing Co-
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Energy 125 6.3 Natural Gas and Oil
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Energy 127 Table 6.3.4 Natural Gas
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Chapter 7 Urbanization 7.1 People a
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