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Kvashilava, Gia, 2010. On Reading Pictorial Signs of the Phaistos Disk and Related Scripts (2). Rosette (in Georgian and English)

This study concerns the graphic character, symbolic meanings, typological parallels, commentaries and reading of the Phaistos Disk pictorial sign PHD38.

This study concerns the graphic character, symbolic meanings, typological parallels, commentaries and reading of the Phaistos Disk pictorial sign PHD38.

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The Sumerian Great Queen/Lady <strong>of</strong> Heaven, N<strong>in</strong>anna is<br />

scribed with cuneiforms <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g way: Sumerian<br />

, , , Old Babylonian<br />

, Assyrian [ d n<strong>in</strong>·an·na]. 1<br />

Sumerian <strong>and</strong> Akkadian names <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> goddess ,<br />

[ d na·na·a], d Nanã, d Nanãy, d Nanãya (resp.<br />

Greek / ) – Nana 2 or Nanaya are connected to:<br />

Babylonian Aya, which is <strong>the</strong> name <strong>of</strong> a star or a planet <strong>and</strong><br />

Sumerian [ d <strong>in</strong>ana sar ] – a planet, Inanna/Ishtar 3<br />

1 . Sumerian d n<strong>in</strong>·an·na (= d<strong>in</strong>gir great lady/queen + heaven + genitive marker)<br />

could be translated as <strong>the</strong> great lady <strong>of</strong> dawn.<br />

2 . Comp.: Sogdian (Middle Iranian) goddess Nanā (Azarpay 1981, 132-139);<br />

Old Armenian [Nané/Nanea] – goddess <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Even<strong>in</strong>g Star, daughter<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Old Armenian deity [Aramazd] (Gvelesiani 2009, 5).<br />

Comp. Aramazd: Iranian god [Ahura-mazdā]; Old <strong>Georgian</strong><br />

deity [armazi] (Gvelesiani 2009, 4).<br />

3.<br />

Ishtar corresponds to: Sherida, Sumerian goddess <strong>of</strong> fertility <strong>and</strong> love<br />

sitt<strong>in</strong>g astride a lion; Semitic Ashirta, Asharte/Astarte <strong>and</strong> Ashtoret/<br />

Ashtarot, lion headed or sitt<strong>in</strong>g on a lion (comp. MPW 1991, I, 115). It<br />

corresponds to: with M<strong>in</strong>oan or Asia M<strong>in</strong>or Great God-mo<strong>the</strong>r Rhea-Cybéle<br />

guarded by Corybantes <strong>and</strong> lions, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Cretan Goddess with snakes (Evans<br />

1921, 504, 505, 656, 657; MPW 1991, I, 647, 179); identical to Ishtar are also:<br />

<strong>the</strong> West Semitic Goddess <strong>of</strong> love <strong>and</strong> fertility Qadesh/Qodesh, sett<strong>in</strong>g astride<br />

a lion with flowers <strong>and</strong> snakes <strong>in</strong> h<strong>and</strong> (MPW 1992, II, 21); <strong>the</strong> Egyptian<br />

Goddess <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Heaven, fertility <strong>and</strong> love , [ ] – Hathor<br />

(comp.: Evans 1921, 505 1 ; MPW 1992, II, 584); <strong>the</strong> Greek goddess <strong>of</strong> love <strong>and</strong><br />

beauty – Aphrodite; <strong>the</strong> Roman goddess <strong>of</strong> fertility Venus (Clay<br />

1922, 45; Collier, Manley 2007, 157; MPW 1991, I, 231, 135), etc.<br />

“Aphrodite is called by <strong>the</strong> Assyrians Mylitta, by <strong>the</strong> Arabians Alilat, by<br />

<strong>the</strong> Persians Mitra” (Herodotus I, 131). Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra- > Greco-<br />

Roman Mithras.<br />

Comp. <strong>the</strong> Akkadian goddess Ištar: Common-Indo-European *Hast [h] ar-;<br />

Akkadian<br />

; Hittite ašter; Avestan stərəbyō; Armenian<br />

[astł/astġ]; Greek ; Lat<strong>in</strong> stēlla < *stēl-na; Gothic staírnō; Old High<br />

German sterno; German Stern; Old Icel<strong>and</strong>ic stjarna; Aramaic ‛tr; Old<br />

<strong>English</strong> steorra – star; Semitic *‛a tar- <strong>the</strong> div<strong>in</strong>e star; Venus; South Arabian<br />

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