Agroecology and the Struggle for Food Sovereignty ... - Yale University

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78 agroecology and the struggle for food sovereignty to two meters of water covered the area, which resulted in a dangerous breeding ground for mosquitoes and also served as a garbage dump. The group’s early efforts to convert the site to a chinampa system met with little success – the site was too wet. They decided to use permaculture to supplement the chinampa system. In this case, using permaculture meant taking advantage of non-traditional materials to stabilize the bottomland agricultural system. They recycled tires shipped from the United States to a nearby tire dump to build up terraces and border water channels. Looking to the future, Lec stressed flexibility, adaptability, and having an open mind. He points out that in Guatemala coffee is an important cash crop, and mangoes are a beloved food crop, yet neither is from the Americas. He stresses that solutions will spring from exploring all possibilities, new and old. “We need to preserve the process by which this knowledge is produced and made viable.” – Liz Shapiro Conclusions Despite drawing on very different experiences, data, and sources, the panelists provided a coherent picture on the status of forests, farming, and biodiversity. Perfecto demonstrated that to maintain biodiversity, conservation policy must address agricultural lands. She also introduced a distinction between popular forms of biodiversity (charismatic megafauna) and functional biodiversity (biodiversity that contributes to ecosystem function and farmer production needs). Sears cautioned that conservation policy be informed not just by the biodiversity of landholdings but also by the considerations farmers make to maintain diversity. Tuxill detailed the nuanced ways that farmer decision-making affects on-farm biodiversity. He provided insight into the ways globalization alters these decisionmaking processes. Lec provided examples of how – through adherence to basic principles rooted in ethical consideration of the environment, culture, and economics – small-scale, traditional, and alternative agriculture can continue to provide sustainable, locally appropriate solutions for a changing landscape. In the end, the lessons from the biodiversity panel were less about specific solutions than about reshaping the balance of power in conservation. In the questionand-answer session, a number of participants asked what specific practices were needed for biodiverse agriculture to be maintained. Tuxill suggested that the bottom line for successful biodiversity conservation on small farms is “not preserving culture – [it’s] giving farmers options.” yale school of forestry & environmental studies
new farmers, new consumers, new networks 79 New Farmers, New Consumers, New Networks Summary by Corrina Steward Panelists: Sérgio Lopes Manager, Produção Familiar, SEPROF (Secretaria de Extrativismo e Produção Familiar de Acre); Coordinator, RECA (Reflorestamento Econômico Consorciado e Adensado), Acre, Brazil Karen Washington Co-founder, Garden of Happiness, New York, New York, USA Jose Montenegro Director, CIDERS (Centro Internacional para el Desarrollo Rural Sustentable), Salinas, California, USA Jean Marc von der Weid Agroecologist, Assessoria e Serviços a Projetos em Agricultura Alternativa (AS-PTA); Coordinator, Movimiento por un Brasil Libre de Transgénicos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Catherine Murphy Associate Researcher, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO), Havana, Cuba Moderators: Angela Steward City University of New York/New York Botanical Garden, New York, New York, USA Corrina Steward Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, New Haven, Connecticut, USA yale school of forestry & environmental studies
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Report Number 4 Agroecology and the
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Agroecology and the Struggle for Fo
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eakout session reports Food Soverei
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2 agroecology and the struggle for
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mcafee 9 Sustainability and Social
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mcafee 11 organizations or depicted
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mcafee 13 industrial agriculture, n
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mcafee 15 Producing Food or Produci
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mcafee 17 ● Major international d
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mcafee 19 Agroecology is not a mono
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mcafee 21 ● Land reform of a kind
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Page 34 and 35: 28 agroecology and the struggle for
Page 37 and 38: zimmerer 31 An Expanding Interface
Page 39 and 40: zimmerer 33 The Mesoamerican Biolog
Page 41 and 42: zimmerer 35 constellation of areas
Page 43 and 44: levins 37 A Whole-System View of Ag
Page 45 and 46: levins 39 Equity Versus Sustainabil
Page 47 and 48: levins 41 ● Small-scale to large-
Page 49 and 50: levins 43 commodities. The more fav
Page 51 and 52: levins 45 study is bigger than we i
Page 53 and 54: levins 47 rather, they would like t
Page 55: levins 49 lic office is auctioned o
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Page 109 and 110: food sovereignty 103 Food Sovereign
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128 agroecology and the struggle fo
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iodiversity, conservation, and ecos
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interview: gómez 133 Interview: Al
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interview: gómez 135 a maturity th
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iographies of editors 161 Biographi
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participants 163 Workshop Participa
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participants 165 Jean Marc von der
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esources 167 Resources Farmer-to-Fa
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esources 169 ATTRA - www.attra.org
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esources 171 Just Food - www.justfo
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esources 173 International Institut
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cover photo captions 175 Cover Phot
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This report originated in an intern
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