Safety & Health in the Stone Crushing Industry - Occupational ...

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4 B.11 Removal of Jammed Boulders in the Main Crusher..................................................... 59 B.12 Truck loading by bucket conveyors .............................................................................. 59 C How Much Does an Accident Cost? .................................................................................. 61 D Checklists and Benchmarks............................................................................................... 63 D.1 Checklist: General Safety Practices, Hazards Management and Welfare Facilities.... 64 D.2 Checklist: Electrical Equipment, Machines and Power tools........................................ 67 D.3 Checklist: Ergonomic Workplace Design and Manual Handling of Loads ................... 69 D.4 Checklist: Fire and Explosion, Gas Cylinders and Emergency Preparedness............. 71 D.5 Checklist: Accident prevention: safe working and heights, road safety ....................... 73 D.6 Checklist: Dust and noise reduction, personal protective equipment........................... 75
5 Foreword This manual is based on findings of a research development project in stone crushing sites in Northern India (Bundelkhand). The International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Canada (http://www.idrc.ca), funded a community development project over several years which was aimed at improving the living conditions in the villages around stone crushing sites and the working conditions in the crushing units. Project partners were the non-governmental organization Development Alternatives, New Delhi, India (http://www.devalt.org), Dr. K. Vijaya Lakshmi (PI), and the Department of Environmental Health Engineering of Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India (http://www.srmcehe.org.in), Dr. Kalpana Balakrishnan (Co-PI). The late Mr. M. Nithiyananthan, the Project Leader-Industrial Safety of the project from Chennai, India, produced the majority of the findings and photos, which are presented in this manual. He tragically passed away in early 2009 before this manual could be finished. We publish these findings in his memory. The editors are grateful for the support from many contributors. Special thanks go to Ana Boischio from IDRC and the project's principal investigators Dr. K. Vijaya Lakshmi and Dr. Kalpana Balakrishnan for making this publication possible. Mr. Raghwesh Ranjan made the visits to the stone crushing units possible. Reliable and efficient as always, Mr. D. Venkatesan researched the available documents and photos that provided the basis for this publication. The authors who contributed chapters for this manual besides the editors are: Perry Gottesfeld from Occupational Knowledge International, San Francisco USA (www.okinternational.org), who contributed the chapter on wet dust reduction technology; Dr. Ralf Steinberg, an international safety expert, Düsseldorf Germany, who kindly reviewed the manuscript and contributed to several chapters and Mr. Suvankar Bose and Mr. George S Sharma from Development Alternatives, New Delhi India who developed and explained the dry dust reduction systems. All black and white illustrations in this manual are from publications of the Hesperian Foundation, a non-profit health organization that kindly granted permission to use some of their illustrations from two of their publications (http://www.hesperian.org). Their free publications "A Worker's Guide to Health and Safety" and ”A Community Guide to Environmental Health" can be found on their website. Many of the checklists presented at the end of this manual were developed with colleagues and friends from the Department of Environmental Health Engineering of Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India. They include Dr. Joerg Arnold, S. Sankar, R. Ayyappan, Dr. Ralf Steinberg and others. The following persons were part of the research project between 2006 and 2008: Dr. K. Vijaya Lakshmi (Principal Investigator) Dr. Kalpana Balakrishnan (Co-Principal Investigator) Mr. George C. Varughese (Project Advisor) Ms. Indrani Mahapatra (Research Coordinator) Mr. Raghwesh Ranjan (Research Coordinator/Project Leader - Social) Dr. Reetu Sogani (Consultant – Gender) Mr. Prawal Pratap Singh (Ex-Project Staff – Social) Ms. Taru Mehta (Ex-Project Staff – Social) Dr. P Jayachandran (Project Leader-Health) Dr. M. P. Singh (Project Staff – Health) Dr. Anandh B (Project Staff – Health) Dr. K. Mukhopadhyay (Project Leader – Environment) Mr. S. Sankar (Project Coordinator-Environment) Mr. M. Nithiyananthan (Project Leader-Industrial Safety) Mr. R. Ayyappan (Project Staff-Environment/Air)
Page 3 and 4: SAFETY & HEALTH IN THE STONE CRUSHI
Page 5: 3 Table of Contents Table of Conten
Page 9 and 10: 7 Eulogy Mr. M. Nithiyananthan, the
Page 11 and 12: 9 A Safety & Health in Stone Crushi
Page 13 and 14: 11 how the work is done and how the
Page 15 and 16: 13 When writing down your results,
Page 17 and 18: 15 Picture 3: worker at the primary
Page 19 and 20: 17 Picture 5: electrical room used
Page 21 and 22: 19 − − − The transformers are
Page 23 and 24: 21 A.2.4 Using Gas Cylinders Safely
Page 25 and 26: 23 − − The conditions of trucks
Page 27 and 28: 25 A.3 Keeping Workers Healthy Ston
Page 29 and 30: 27 Flow Rate: The rate at which wat
Page 31 and 32: 29 Picture 11: dust capture with dr
Page 33 and 34: 31 Dust source with incomplete enca
Page 35 and 36: 33 Noise is mostly produced by eith
Page 37 and 38: 35 PPE might be needed throughout t
Page 39 and 40: 37 Metal sheets and other glare-ge
Page 41 and 42: 39 A.3.7 Taking care of Human Needs
Page 43 and 44: 41 Keep a system for head-count at
Page 45 and 46: 43 B Improving Heavy Physical Work
Page 47 and 48: 45 B.1 Main crusher operator Nature
Page 49 and 50: 47 Solutions: Proper platform shou
Page 51 and 52: 49 Solutions: Issue and use proper
Page 53 and 54: 51 − − Tripping and falling int
Page 55 and 56: 53 Picture 24: stone shed for worke
Page 57 and 58:
55 Picture 26: repairing the crushe
Page 59 and 60:
57 Proposed alternate for sieving o
Page 61 and 62:
59 B.11 Removal of Jammed Boulders
Page 63 and 64:
61 C How Much Does an Accident Cost
Page 65 and 66:
63 D Checklists and Benchmarks The
Page 67 and 68:
65 Area Yes No Comments / Action 3.
Page 69 and 70:
67 D.2 Checklist: Electrical Equipm
Page 71 and 72:
69 D.3 Checklist: Ergonomic Workpla
Page 73 and 74:
71 D.4 Checklist: Fire and Explosio
Page 75 and 76:
73 D.5 Checklist: Accident preventi
Page 77 and 78:
75 D.6 Checklist: Dust and noise re
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