National Healthcare Disparities Report - LDI Health Economist

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Patient Safety Chapter 3 n From 2004 to 2008, the overall inpatient pneumonia mortality rate decreased from 54 per 1,000 admissions to 36 per 1,000 admissions (data not shown). A significant decrease was also seen among all racial/ethnic and income groups during the same period (Figure 3.8). n During the same period, Blacks and Hispanics had a significantly lower inpatient pneumonia mortality rate than Whites. n The 2007 top 4 State achievable benchmark was 28 per 1,000 hospital admissions. iv At the current rate of improvement, this benchmark could be attained in less than 2 years. n Rates of improvement varied by race and ethnicity. Blacks and Hispanics could attain the benchmark in just under 1 year, while Whites and Asians could attain the benchmark in about 2 years. Also, in the NHQR: n From 2004 to 2008, the inpatient pneumonia mortality rate of patients ages 18-44 was significantly lower than for patients ages 45-64 and 65 and over. During this same period, females had a significantly lower inpatient pneumonia mortality rate than males. iv The top 4 States that contributed to the achievable benchmark are Arizona, Colorado, Maryland, and Michigan. 152 National Healthcare Disparities Report, 2011
Patient Safety References Aspden P, Corrigan J, Wolcott J, et al. Patient safety: achieving a new standard of care. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, Committee on Data Standards for Patient Safety; 2004. Encinosa WE, Hellinger FJ. The impact of medical errors on 90-day costs and outcomes: an examination of surgical patients. Health Serv Res 2008 Dec;43(6):2067-85. Epub 2008 Jul 25. Guide to Patient Safety Indicators version 3.1. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2003. Gurwitz JH, Field TS, Harrold LR, et al. Incidence and preventability of adverse drug events among older persons in the ambulatory setting. JAMA 2003 Mar 5;289(9):1107-16. Klevens RM, Edwards JR, Richards CL, et al. Estimating health care-associated infections and deaths in U.S. hospitals, 2002. Public Hlth Rep 2007;122:160-6. Kohn L, Corrigan J, Donaldson M, eds. To err is human: building a safer health system. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, Committee on Quality of Health Care in America; 2000. Lucado J, Paez K, Elixhauser A. Medication-related adverse outcomes in U.S. hospitals and emergency departments, 2008. HCUP Statistical Brief 109. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; April 2011. Available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb109.pdf. Accessed January 31, 2012. Mayr FB, Yende S, Linde-Zwirble WT, et al. Infection rate and acute organ dysfunction risk as explanations for racial differences in severe sepsis. JAMA 2010 Jun 23;303(24):2495-2503. Moore LJ, Moore FA, Todd SR, et al. Sepsis in general surgery: the 2005-2007 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program perspective. Arch Surg 2010 Jul;145(7):695-700. Rosenthal GE, Baker DW, Norris DG, et al. Relationships between in-hospital and 30-day standardized hospital mortality: implications for profiling hospitals. Health Serv Res 2000 Mar;34(7):1449-68. Shreve J, Van Den Bos J, Gray T, et al. The economic measurement of medical errors. Schaumberg, IL: Society of Actuaries/Milliman; 2010. Thomas EJ, Studdert DM, Burstin HR, et al. Incidence and types of adverse events and negligent care in Utah and Colorado. Med Care 2000;38:261-71. Chapter 3 National Healthcare Disparities Report, 2011 153
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