Alternatives for Brominated Flame Retardants - MiljÃ¸styrelsen

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$QWLPRQ\WULR[LGH &$61R 1309-64-4 (,1(&61R 215-175-0 ,GHQWLILFDWLRQRIWKHVXEVWDQFH (,1(&61DPH Diantimony trioxide 6\QRQ\PV 0ROHFXODUIRUPXOD Sb 4 O 6 6WUXFWXDO)RUPXOD Antimony (III) oxide; antimony white; bianitmony trioxide; flowers of antimony; antimonius oxide; antimony peroxide; antimony sesquioxide; antimony oxide; diantimony trioxide; senarmontite; exitelite; weisspiessglanz; A1530; A1582; a1588 lp; AP 50; chemetron fire shield; ci 77052; ci pigment white 11; dechlorane a-o; nyacol a 1530; thermoguard b; thermoguard s; timonox QRZQXVHV <strong>Flame</strong>proofing of textiles, paper, and plastics (polyvinyl chloride); paint pigments; ceramic opacifier; catalyst; intermediate; staining iron and copper; phosphors; mordant; glass decolorizer [2]. (8 Classification on annex 1 in Directive 67/548/EØF and its revisions: Carc3;R40 (labelling: Xn; R40) 3K\VLFRFKHPLFDO&KDUDFWHULVWLFV 3K\VLFDO)RUP White, odourless, crystalline powder [2], white cubes [3] 0ROHFXODU:HLJKWJPRO 583.04 0HOWLQJ3RLQWUDQJH°& 655 [2], 655 [4], 656 [5], %RLOLQJ3RLQWUDQJH°& 1,425 °C [4], 1,550 °C at 1,000 hPa [6], 1,550 °C [3]. 'HFRPSRVLWLRQ7HPSHUDWXUH°& No relevant data found 9DSRXU3UHVVXUHPP+J°& 1 at 574 °C [4] 'HQVLW\ Specific gravity=5.2 g/cm 3 (Senarmonite) [2] Specific gravity=5.67 g/cm 3 (Valenite) [2] Specific gravity=5.67 g/cm 3 [4] Specific gravity=5.2 g/cm 3 at 20 °C [3]
9DSRXU'HQVLW\DLU No relevant data found 6ROXELOLW\ZDWHU Insoluble in water [3], Slightly soluble in water [4], < 0.0287 g/l at 20 °C [6] 3DUWLWLRQ&RHIILFLHQWORJ3 RZ S D No relevant data found No relevant data found )ODPPDELOLW\ Flammable when exposed to heat or flame [3]. ([SORVLYLW\ Moderately explosive when shocked [3] 2[LGLVLQJSURSHUWLHV No relevant data found 7R[LFRORJLFDO'DWD 2EVHUYDWLRQLQKXPDQV Fifty-one workers (ages 31-54, mean 45.23 years) in an antimony melting plant (worked 9-31 years, mean 17.91 years), were exposed to airborne dust containing up to 88% antimony trioxide and the remainder, antimony pentoxide. Pneumoconiotic changes were seen in the lungs after 1 decade of employment. No systemic changes were seen except <strong>for</strong> "antimony dermatosis". No massive lung fibrosis was noted. 32 of the 51 exposed developed antimony dermatosis. 35% developed upper airway inflammation, 37% developed chronic bronchitis. [4]. ♦Female workers exposed to antimony aerosols in an antimony plant experienced a greater incidence of spontaneous abortions than did a control group of unexposed working women. There were higher rates of spontaneous late abortions (12.5 versus 4.1 percent), premature births (3.4 versus 1.2 percent), and gynaecological problems (77.5 versus 56 percent) among female metallurgical workers exposed to antimony aerosols. Antimony concentrations were not specified, but air samples reportedly contained metallic dust, antimony trioxide, and pentasulfide. Weights of the offspring began to lag behind those of control babies at 3 months, and were significantly reduced at 1 year. Blood antimony levels were 10 times those of a corresponding unexposed group of women, and average urinary antimony levels ranged from 2.1 to 2.9 mg versus none detected in the controls. Some values among the 318 tested reached 18.2 mg. Antimony in breast milk was 3.3 +/- 2 mg/l; in placentaltissue, 3.2 to 12.6 mg; in amniotic fluid, 6.2 +/ - 2.8 mg; and in blood 6.3 +/- 3 mg. [4]. Heavy exposure resulted in symptoms such as abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, metallic taste, and dyspnea. [4]. Ingestion in humans can cause irritation of the mouth, nose, stomach, and intestines; vomiting, purging with bloody stools; slow pulse, and low blood pressure; slow, shallow breathing; coma, and convulsions sometimes followed by death [4].
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Alternatives for Brominated Flame Retardants - MiljÃ¸styrelsen

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