Alternatives for Brominated Flame Retardants - Miljøstyrelsen

2UDO ♦LD50 Rat oral 3.03 mg/kg, allotropic form not specified [4, 6].
♦LD50 Mouse oral 4.82 mg/kg, allotropic form not specified [4, 6].
Elemental red phosphorus is non-volatile, insoluble and thus nontoxic
when ingested, unless it is contaminated with traces of yellow
phosphorus. Ingestion of such a mixture produces a sensation of
warmth or a burning pain in the throat connected to an intense thirst,
vomiting, diarrhoea or severe abdominal pain.
Worst cases may be severe enough to cause death in 24 to 48 hours,
possible because of hepatic failure, central nervous system damage
or renal insufficiency [4].
Elemental yellow phosphorus is highly toxic. The acute fatal dose in
adults is 15 to 100 mg (1 mg/kg), although survival has occurred
after ingestion exceeding 1 g. The fatality rate varies between 20%
and 50%. [4].
White phosphorus is extremely poisonous and can cause "phossy
jaw", a disease caused by phosphorus fumes that are inhaled or absorbed
through cavities in the teeth and then attack and destroy bones,
particularly the jaw bone. Phossy jaw is usually fatal. [4].
2UDOFRQW
'HUPDO
The mortality rate of acute phosphorus (allotropic form not specified)
poisoning is approximately 25% for victims who had early
symptoms of nausea and vomiting, nearly 50% when both gastrointestinal
and CNS symptoms were present, and almost 75% when the
first manifestation of poisoning was restlessness, irritability, or
coma. Most likely this difference in survival rates reflects the interval
between time of ingestion and treatment.
♦The toxic dose is 15 mg, and as little as 50 mg may be lethal.
♦LD50 for dermal application on rats is found to be 100 mg/kg bw,
allotropic form not specified [6].
♦A skin contact produces painful penetrating of second and third
degree burns, which heal slowly [4].