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H
together,
VIOLENCE AND THE LABOR MOVEMENT
are sufficient. Two or three hundred revolutionists
will be sufficient for the organization of the
largest country." (18)
The idea of a secret organization of revolutionary
leaders proved to be wholly repugnant to many of even
the most devoted friends of Bakounin, and by 1868 the
organization is supposed to have been dissolved, because,
it was said, secrets had leaked out and the whole affair
had been subjected to much ridicule. (19) The idea
of the third order, however, that of the International
Alliance, was not abandoned, and it
appears that Bakounin
and a number of the faithful Brothers felt hopeful
in 1867 of capturing a great "bourgeois" congress,
called the "League of Peace and of Liberty," that had
met that year in Geneva. Bakounin, Elisee Reclus, Aristide
Rev, Victor Jaclard, and several others in the conspiracy
undertook to persuade the league to pass some
Bakounin was already a mem-
revolutionary resolutions.
ber of the central committee of the league, and, in preparation
for the battle, he wrote the manuscript afterward
published under the title, "Federalisme, Socialisme, et
Antitheologisme." But the congress of 1868 dashed their
hopes to the ground, and the revolutionists separated
from the league and founded the same day, September
25th, a new association, called UAlliance Internationale
de la Democratie Socialiste. The program now adopted
by the Alliance, although written by Bakounin, expressed
quite different views from those of the International
Brothers. But it, too, began its revolutionary creed by
declaring itself atheist. Its chief and most important
work was "to abolish religion and to substitute science
for faith; and human justice for divine justice." Second,
it declared for "the political, economic, and social
equality of the classes" (which, it was assumed, were to