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Stites, R. (1999) “Writing cultural boundaries: national minority language policy, literacy planning, and bilingual education,” in G.A. Postiglione (ed.) China’s National Minority Education. New York: Falmer, 95-130. Stroud, C. (2002) “Towards a Policy for Bilingual Education in Developing Countries,” New Education Division Document 10. Stockholm: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. Thang, T.S. (2002) Literacy Activities of the Myanmar Council of Churches & Its Impacts. Rangon: Myanmar Council of Churches. Thomas, A.E. (2002) “Bilingual Community-based Education in the Cambodian Highlands: A Successful Approach for Enabling Access to Education by Indigenous Peoples,” Journal of South-East Asian Education. Vol. 3(1), 26-58. Thomas, A.E. (2003) “Designing and Launching Bilingual Community-based Non-formal Education & Extension Initiatives in the Cambodian Highlands,” a paper presented at the Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Minority Communities in Asia, 6-8 November 2003, Bangkok, Thailand. URL: http://www.sil.org/ asia/ldc/parrallel_papers/anne_thomas.pdf Thomas, W.P. and Collier, V. (1997) School effectiveness for language minority students. Washington, DC: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education, The George Washington University. Thomas, W.P., and Collier, V. (2002) A National Study of School Effectiveness for Language Minority Students: Long-Term Academic Achievement. Washington, DC: Center for Research on Education, Diversity & Excellence (CREDE). URL: http://www.crede.ucsc.edu/research/llaa/ 1.1_final.html Tran, T.T. (2003) “Teaching Ethnic Minority Languages to Ethnic Minority Students in Primary Schools in Vietnam,” a paper presented at the Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Minority Communities in Asia, 6-8 November 2003, Bangkok, Thailand. Trudell, B. (1993) “Beyond Bilingual Classroom. Literacy Acquisition among Peruvian Amazon Communities,” Publications in Linguistics. Vol. 117. Arlington: SIL International & University of Texas at Arlington. Tucker, G.R. (1998) “A Global Perspective on Multilingualism and Multilingual Education,” in J. Cenoz & F. Genesee (eds.). Beyond Bilingualism: Multilingualism and Multilingual Education. Multilingual Matters 110. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 3-15. TU-SIL. (2002) Minority Language Orthography in Thailand: Five Case Studies. Edited by the TU-SIL-LRDP Committee. Bangkok: Thammasat University. UIE. (2003) Towards a Multicultural Culture of Education. A. Ouane (ed.). Hamburg: UNESCO Institute of Education. 130
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Page 1 and 2: Myanmar More than 100 languages are
Page 3 and 4: efforts by non-governmental organiz
Page 5 and 6: tongue. Regional LWCs, as well as l
Page 7 and 8: Singapore More than 20 languages ar
Page 9 and 10: and Dong instruction continues thro
Page 11 and 12: Notes to Table 1: 1 ‘Local langua
Page 13 and 14: Table 3 uses the same data as the f
Page 15 and 16: Linguistic Diversity in South-East
Page 17 and 18: determined in successful programmes
Page 19 and 20: Acknowledgements Many thanks to the
Page 21 and 22: Chazée, L. (1999) The Peoples of L
Page 23 and 24: Hornberger, N.H. and López, L.E. (
Page 25 and 26: Leclerc, J. (2004c) “Cambodge,”
Page 27 and 28: Nagai, Y. (2001) “Vernacular Educ
Page 29: Schliesinger, J. (1998) Hill Tribes
Page 33 and 34: APPENDIX 1 Essential Concepts Used
Page 35 and 36: COUNTRY REPORTS Synthesis of Report
Page 37 and 38: Community consultation and decision
Page 39 and 40: a significant number of minority gr
Page 41 and 42: Representation in elected bodies Ea
Page 43 and 44: e able to absorb much more of the r
Page 45 and 46: • Explore the viability of the pr
Page 47 and 48: Contact with local stakeholders The
Page 49 and 50: Major Project Activities Staff Recr
Page 51 and 52: Present Status of the Action Resear
Page 53 and 54: China Bilingual Literacy Project fo
Page 55 and 56: population distribution, economic d
Page 57 and 58: Based on the results of field surve
Page 59 and 60: The target communities and their la
Page 61 and 62: have difficulties when they use Chi
Page 63 and 64: - learners will be able to read sim
Page 65 and 66: For both communities, the director
Page 67 and 68: 9. Challenges and Strategies for th
Page 69 and 70: ix) Environment: The pressure on th
Page 71 and 72: Figure 1. Background of Project Sit
Page 73 and 74: upgraded into a district, and North
Page 75 and 76: literacy, this project was targeted
Page 77 and 78: manuscripts on various issues. The
Page 79 and 80: Bilingual materials were produced (
Page 81 and 82:
Policy and expansion of the project
Page 83 and 84:
• Establishment/strengthening of
Page 85 and 86:
• Programme implementers must str
Page 87 and 88:
Health and Personal Hygiene: Malari
Page 89 and 90:
- Waste management - Caring for wat
Page 91 and 92:
presentation of the materials. This
Page 93 and 94:
Comments HALAMANG GAMOT • The mod
Page 95 and 96:
The following are among the challen
Page 97 and 98:
Thai people so that they will be ab
Page 99 and 100:
2002 statistics from the Ministry o
Page 101 and 102:
King - which was operating in 18 pr
Page 103 and 104:
Concerning strengths, the following
Page 105 and 106:
Background information on the proje
Page 107 and 108:
Pwo Karen. Three NFE Pwo Karen teac
Page 109 and 110:
Process of a Writer Workshop The ou
Page 111 and 112:
youth should be encouraged to work
Page 113 and 114:
Distribution: Limited UNESCO-APPEAL
Page 115 and 116:
1645-1715 Orientation to the Field
Page 117 and 118:
Distribution: Limited UNESCO-APPEAL
Page 119 and 120:
No. Country Name Position, Organiza
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