Part II.pdf - MTB-MLE Network

Based on the results of field surveying and research, it seems that one important cause for this
problem has been identified. Language is a very important tool for thought and communication.
It is the bridge for the exchange of ideas and emotions among people. Most ethnic groups have
their own languages. They are accustomed to thinking and communicating in their mother tongue.
Thus, when courses are taught in Chinese, which is a new language and even a new culture for
them, they may remember the characters, but do not internally acquire the Chinese language.
Regression to illiteracy is then inevitable. Language is a special kind of culture. Literacy does
not mean that people can only recognize the characters or read text. Literacy is also a very important
tool for preserving ethnic cultures.
Therefore, the focal concern of the Government and other sectors of society has been to identify
ways to make literacy for ethnic communities responsive to their real needs. In order to promote
the sustainable development of minorities, literacy work should be carried out innovatively, and
incorporate bilingual teaching. In relation to the above mentioned problem, RTCLE, funded by
UNESCO Bangkok, has initiated the case study on “Bilingual Literacy for Ethnic Group’s
Comprehensive Development – A Pilot Project for Lahu Nationality’s Innovative Practices in China.”
Research methods and instruments
Before the project began, a research group
was formed that included Lahu language
experts, literacy experts, officials from the
Lancang education bureau, administrators of
target communities, and primary school
teachers from the project sites. This group
gathered first-hand information through
interviews, family visits, check lists and
questionnaires. Special training was conducted
for the project researchers and practitioners at
the project sites. To ensure smooth project
implementation, the research group worked
together on information associated with the
project and on problem-solving. During this implementation process, the action research method
was also widely used.
Lahu nationality in Lancang County and their language
The Lahu are one of the most underdeveloped ethnic minorities in China. Educational provision
for them started late, and has only improved slowly. There is a high illiteracy rate, which seriously
hinders their social and economic development.
The Lahu are one of the oldest nationalities in Asia. The population is scattered in hilly and
semi-hilly areas in the Yunnan province of China, Burma, Thailand, Lao PDR, and Viet Nam. The
total population is over 600,000.
The Lahu in China live in Yunnan province. They number 400,000, which accounts for 66% of
the total population.
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