Taylor - Theoretic Arithmetic.pdf - Platonic Philosophy

10X 1 and +1= 11 the 2ndl
i'
10x30 and +1=301 the 31st
&c*
10 x 11 and + 1=111 the 12th duodecagonal gnomon.
CHAPTER XVIII
Additional observations on num beys.
THE Pythagoreans, says Plutarch, in his treatise On Isis and
Osiris, adorned numbers and figures with the appellations of
the Gods. For they called indeed an equilateral triangle Minerva
Coryphagenes, (or born from the summit) and Tritogeneia,
because it is divided by three perpendiculars drawn from
the three angles. But they called unity or the one, Apollo, being
persuaded to give it this appellation for an obvious reason,
(i.e. because Apollo signifies a privation of multitude, and from
the simplicity of the monad.") They also denominated the
duad, strife and audacity; but the triad, justice. For since injuring
and being injured, subsist according to excess and defect,
justice through equality obtains a middle situation. But
what is called the tetractys, being the number 36, was according
to common report the greatest oath among them, and was
denominated the world, in consequence of being composed of
the first four even, and the first four odd numbers.+
Again, in the same treatise he says, "It is fabled by the
In the original rerOogcra zpocpaott, xar 8rzAo~arot~ povzbog, which
is evidently erroneous and unintelligible, owing to the word ~c?F~o~Q~o(