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Writing for Social Studies When you face a writing assignment, do you think, “How will I ever get through this?” Here are some tips to guide you through any writing project from start to finish. THE WRITING PROCESS Follow each step of the writing process to communicate effectively. • Establish the purpose. • Define the topic. Step 1. Prewrite • Determine the audience. • Gather details. • Organize information logically in an outline or graphic organizer. • Write an introduction, body, and conclusion. Step 2. Draft • State main ideas clearly. • Include relevant details to support your ideas. • Edit for clarity of ideas and elaboration. Step 3. Revise Step 4. Proofread • Correct any errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Step 5. Publish and Present • Copy text neatly by hand, or use a typewriter or word processor. • Illustrate as needed. • Create a cover, if appropriate. STUDENT SUCCESS HANDBOOK 13
TYPES OF WRITING FOR SOCIAL STUDIES Identify the purpose for your writing. Each type of writing assignment has a specific purpose, and each purpose needs a different plan for development. The following descriptions and examples will help you identify the three purposes for social studies writing. The lists of steps will help you plan your writing. Writing to Inform Purpose: to present facts or ideas Example During the 1960s, research indicated the dangers of the insecticide DDT. It killed insects but also had long-term effects. When birds and fish ate poisoned insects, DDT built up in their fatty tissue. The poison also showed up in human beings who ate birds and fish contaminated by DDT. TIP Look for these key terms in the assignment: explain, describe, report, narrate How to get started: • Determine the topic you will write about. • Write a topic sentence that tells the main idea. • List all the ideas you can think of that are related to the topic. • Arrange the ideas in logical order. Writing to Persuade Purpose: to influence someone Example Teaching computer skills in the classroom uses time that could be spent teaching students how to think for themselves or how to interact with others. Students who can reason well, express themselves clearly, and get along with other people will be better prepared for life than those who can use a computer. TIP Look for these key terms in the assignment: convince, argue, request How to get started: • Make sure you understand the problem or issue clearly. • Determine your position. • List evidence to support your arguments. • Predict opposing views. • List evidence you can use to overcome the opposing arguments. Writing to Provide Historical Interpretations Purpose: to present the perspective of someone in a different era Example The crossing took a week, but the steamship voyage was hard. We were cramped in steerage with hundreds of others. At last we saw the huge statue of the lady with the torch. In the reception center, my mother held my hand while the doctor examined me. Then, my father showed our papers to the official, and we collected our bags. I was scared as we headed off to find a home in our new country. TIP Look for these key terms in the assignment: go back in time, create, suppose that, if you were How to get started: • Study the events or issues of the time period you will write about. • Consider how these events or issues might have affected different people at the time. • Choose a person whose views you would like to present. • Identify the thoughts and feelings this person might have experienced. 14 STUDENT SUCCESS HANDBOOK
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