Wireless Network Design: Optimization Models and Solution ...

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Contents xi 10.5 A Strong Multi-tree Model for RAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 10.5.1 The Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 10.5.2 LP Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 10.6 Experimental Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 10.6.1 Results for MET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 10.6.2 Results for RAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 10.7 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 11 Improving Network Connectivity in Ad Hoc Networks Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Abdullah Konak, Orhan Dengiz, and Alice E. Smith 11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 11.2 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 11.3 Proposed MANET Management System and Problem Description 250 11.3.1 Objectives and Evaluating Network Connectivity . . . . . . . 250 11.3.2 Future User Location Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 11.3.3 Optimization Problem and Deployment Decision . . . . . . . 252 11.4 Particle Swarm Optimization and Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 11.4.1 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 11.4.2 The Optimization Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 11.4.3 Semi-Intelligent Agent Node Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 11.5 Computational Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 11.5.1 Mobility Simulation Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 11.5.2 The Effect of Number of Agents, Future Location Prediction, and Clustering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 11.5.3 Comparative Performance of the PSO Algorithm . . . . . . . 262 11.6 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 Part IV Optimization Problems in the Operation of Wireless Networks 12 Simulation-Based Methods for Network Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Marina Aguado, Jasone Astorga, Nerea Toledo and Jon Matias 12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 12.2 Simulation Methodologies: a Taxonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 12.3 Validating Discrete Event Simulations: the Random Number Seed and the Confidence Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 12.4 Survey of Simulation for Wireless Network Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 12.5 Case Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 12.5.1 Traffic Modeling Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 12.5.2 Networkability and Impact Assessment Application . . . . . 284 12.5.3 Network Operations and Capacity Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 12.5.4 Network Research and Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 12.5.5 Network Emulation with Click . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 12.6 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
xii Contents References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 13 Optimization of Wireless Broadband (WiMAX) Systems. . . . . . . . . . . 295 Hang Jin and Li Guo 13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 13.2 Brief Description of WiMAX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 13.2.1 WiMAX Physical Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 13.2.2 WiMAX MAC Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 13.3 Radio Resource Allocation Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 13.3.1 Modulation Coding Scheme Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 13.3.2 MIMO Mode Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 13.3.3 Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 13.3.4 Link Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 13.4 Scheduling Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 13.4.1 Round Robin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 13.4.2 Proportional Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 13.4.3 Max System Throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 13.4.4 WiMAX QoS Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 13.5 System Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 13.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 14 Cross Layer Scheduling in Wireless Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Nitin Salodkar and Abhay Karandikar 14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 14.2 Wireless Channel Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 14.2.1 Point-to-Point Capacity with Perfect Transmitter CSI . . . 324 14.2.2 Multiuser Capacity with Perfect Transmitter CSI on the Uplink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 14.3 A Framework for Cross Layer Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 14.3.1 Opportunistic Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 14.3.2 Energy Efficient Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 14.3.3 System Model for Centralized Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 14.4 Fair Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 14.4.1 Notions of Fairness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 14.4.2 Fair Scheduling Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 14.5 Power Optimal Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 14.5.1 Single User Scheduling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 14.5.2 Multiuser Uplink Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 14.6 Scheduling Schemes that Maximize Throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 14.6.1 Throughput Optimal Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 14.6.2 Delay Optimal Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
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Page 7 and 8: vi Preface assistance. The work of
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56 K. V. S. Hari Table 3.3 Impulse
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60 K. V. S. Hari 3.5.2.4 Dominant R
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106 Eli Olinick Amaldi et al. [7] p
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Chapter 6 Optimization Based WLAN M
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6 Optimization Based WLAN Modeling
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7 Spectrum Auctions 175 21. Dunford
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8 The Design of Partially Survivabl
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Chapter 10 Compact Integer Programm
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10 Integer Programming Models for P
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12 Simulation-Based Methods for Net
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15 Major Trends in Cellular Network
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