Wireless Network Design: Optimization Models and Solution ...

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Contents 1 Introduction to Optimization in Wireless Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Jeff Kennington, Eli Olinick, and Dinesh Rajan Part I Background 2 Introduction to Wireless Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Dinesh Rajan 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1.1 Layered Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.1.2 Digital Communication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2 Digital Modulation in Single User Point-to-point Communication . 14 2.3 Information Theoretic Capacity and Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.4 Channel Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.4.1 Block Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.4.2 Convolutional Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.5 Multiuser Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.5.1 Data Link Layer Random Access Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.5.2 Physical layer Multiuser Signaling Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.5.3 Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 2.6 Advanced Transceiver Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2.6.1 Multiple Antenna Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 2.6.2 Scheduling, Rate, and Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 2.7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3 Channel Models for Wireless Communication Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 K. V. S. Hari 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.2 Wireless Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.3 Propagation Model for Wireless Channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 3.4 Mathematical Modeling of Wireless Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 vii
viii Contents 3.4.1 Experiments to Characterize Wireless Channels . . . . . . . . 50 3.4.2 Rayleigh and Ricean Flat Fading Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3.4.3 Doppler Spread Due to Relative Motion Between Transmitter and Receiver and Coherence Time . . . . . . . . . 53 3.4.4 Finite Impulse Response Channel Model for Frequency Selective Fading Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.4.5 Delay Spread Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.4.6 Decorrelation Distance of the Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 3.5 Channel Models for Systems using Multiple Antennas . . . . . . . . . . 57 3.5.1 Spatial Wireless Channel Models using Geometry . . . . . . 57 3.5.2 Geometrically Based Single-Bounce Statistical Models . . 58 3.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 4 An Introduction to Integer and Large-Scale Linear Optimization . . . 65 J. Cole Smith and Sibel B. Sonuc 4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.2 Basics of Modeling and Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 4.2.1 Foundations of Optimization Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 4.2.2 Linear Programming Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 4.2.3 Duality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 4.2.4 Modeling with Nonlinear and Discrete Variables . . . . . . . 74 4.2.5 Integer Programming Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 4.3 Large Scale Optimization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 4.3.1 Benders Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 4.3.2 Dantzig-Wolfe Decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 4.3.3 Lagrangian Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 4.3.4 Other Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Part II Optimization Problems for Networks with Infrastructure 5 Mathematical Programming Models for Third Generation Wireless Network Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Eli Olinick 5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 5.2 Tower Location and Subscriber Assignment in CDMA Networks . 104 5.2.1 The Core Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 5.2.2 Challenges in Solving the Core Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 5.3 Extensions to the Core Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 5.3.1 SIR-Based Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 5.3.2 Profit Maximization with Minimum-Service Restrictions 109 5.3.3 Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 5.3.4 The Power-Revenue Trade-Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 5.3.5 Additional Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 5.4 Solving the Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Page 2: International Series in Operations
Page 5 and 6: Editors Jeff Kennington Eli Olinick
Page 7: vi Preface assistance. The work of
Page 11 and 12: x Contents 8.3.2 The Solution Proce
Page 13 and 14: xii Contents References . . . . . .
Page 16 and 17: List of Contributors Khaldoun Al Ag
Page 18: List of Contributors xvii Nitin Sal
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 1 Introduction to Optimizat
Page 24 and 25: 1 Introduction to Optimization in W
Page 26 and 27: 1 Introduction to Optimization in W
Page 29 and 30: Part I Background
Page 31 and 32: 10 Dinesh Rajan The goal of this ch
Page 33 and 34: 12 Dinesh Rajan The source encoder
Page 35 and 36: 14 Dinesh Rajan ping (FH) CDMA, and
Page 37 and 38: 16 Dinesh Rajan of SNR is given in
Page 39 and 40: 18 Dinesh Rajan 2.3 Information The
Page 41 and 42: 20 Dinesh Rajan Perror ≤ e −nE
Page 43 and 44: 22 Dinesh Rajan For instance, for t
Page 45 and 46: 24 Dinesh Rajan 2.4.1 Block Codes I
Page 47 and 48: 26 Dinesh Rajan B(z) = 1 � (1 + z
Page 49 and 50: 28 Dinesh Rajan layers. Two of the
Page 51 and 52: 30 Dinesh Rajan nel can support a p
Page 53 and 54: 32 Dinesh Rajan 2.5.2 Physical laye
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Page 57 and 58: 36 Dinesh Rajan codes) leads to bet
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38 Dinesh Rajan a length N Inverse
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40 Dinesh Rajan the transmission of
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42 Dinesh Rajan setting, a node may
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44 Dinesh Rajan weighting of the si
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46 Dinesh Rajan 29. Oestges, C., Cl
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48 K. V. S. Hari terrain of operati
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50 K. V. S. Hari fading is calculat
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52 K. V. S. Hari terms have been pr
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54 K. V. S. Hari Fig. 3.1 Normalize
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56 K. V. S. Hari Table 3.3 Impulse
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58 K. V. S. Hari where m antennas a
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60 K. V. S. Hari 3.5.2.4 Dominant R
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62 K. V. S. Hari March, 1984-13 Sep
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64 K. V. S. Hari 47. Van Rees, J.:
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66 J. Cole Smith and Sibel B. Sonuc
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Part II Optimization Problems for N
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102 Eli Olinick carrying capacity.
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104 Eli Olinick 93 85 160 16 38 21
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106 Eli Olinick Amaldi et al. [7] p
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108 Eli Olinick levels (possibly le
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110 Eli Olinick gmℓ ∑ ∑ m∈M
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112 Eli Olinick Using bk to denote
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114 Eli Olinick 5.3.5 Additional De
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116 Eli Olinick capacity, provide n
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118 Eli Olinick ficult optimization
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120 Eli Olinick and-bound so that t
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122 Eli Olinick solution times. Cai
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124 Eli Olinick 27. Glover, F.: Tab
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Chapter 6 Optimization Based WLAN M
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6 Optimization Based WLAN Modeling
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Chapter 7 Spectrum Auctions Karla H
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7 Spectrum Auctions 149 full value.
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7 Spectrum Auctions 151 also decide
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7 Spectrum Auctions 153 disclosed t
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7 Spectrum Auctions 155 focused on
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7 Spectrum Auctions 157 bidders to
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7 Spectrum Auctions 159 in the regi
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7 Spectrum Auctions 161 we suggest
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7 Spectrum Auctions 163 pays, since
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7 Spectrum Auctions 165 prior round
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7 Spectrum Auctions 167 and constra
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7 Spectrum Auctions 169 lem has sup
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7 Spectrum Auctions 171 bidder on a
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7 Spectrum Auctions 173 some discus
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7 Spectrum Auctions 175 21. Dunford
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Chapter 8 The Design of Partially S
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8 The Design of Partially Survivabl
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Part III Optimization Problems in A
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200 Khaldoun Al Agha and Steven Mar
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Chapter 10 Compact Integer Programm
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10 Integer Programming Models for P
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Chapter 11 Improving Network Connec
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11 Improving Network Connectivity i
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Chapter 12 Simulation-Based Methods
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12 Simulation-Based Methods for Net
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296 Hang Jin and Li Guo formance in
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298 Hang Jin and Li Guo (ISI) as lo
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300 Hang Jin and Li Guo ARQ (HARQ)
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302 Hang Jin and Li Guo 13.3 Radio
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304 Hang Jin and Li Guo Table 13.2
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306 Hang Jin and Li Guo is transmit
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308 Hang Jin and Li Guo uplink powe
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310 Hang Jin and Li Guo The link ad
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312 Hang Jin and Li Guo where ρ mi
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314 Hang Jin and Li Guo 13.4.4.3 Ex
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316 Hang Jin and Li Guo Fig. 13.9 P
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318 Hang Jin and Li Guo 1. Guarante
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Chapter 14 Cross Layer Scheduling i
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14 Cross Layer Scheduling in Wirele
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Chapter 15 Major Trends in Cellular
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15 Major Trends in Cellular Network
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