Abstracts - Association for Chemoreception Sciences

#P126 POSTER SESSION III:
TRIGEMINAL; HUMAN OLFACTORY
PSYCHOPHYSICS; TASTE PERIPHERY
#P127 POSTER SESSION III:
TRIGEMINAL; HUMAN OLFACTORY
PSYCHOPHYSICS; TASTE PERIPHERY
N-geranylcyclopropylcaboximide (NGCC) selectively activate
hTRPV1 and hTRPA1 in cultured cells
MR Rhyu 1 , HJ Son 1 , Y Kim 1 , MJ Kim 1 , SH Song 1 , MJ Cheong M 1 ,
T Misaka 2 , M.L. Dewis 3 , V Lyall 4
1
Korea Food Research Institute Seongnam-Si, South Korea, 2 The
University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan, 3 International Flavors & Fragrances
Union Beach, NJ, USA, 4 Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond, VA, USA
In mammals, two salt taste pathways have been characterized:
one is selectively responsive to Na + , which is inhibited by
amiloride and the other is Na + non-specific and amilorideinsensitive.
As the amiloride-sensitive Na + specific salt taste
receptor, the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) has been
validated. The transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 variant salt
taste receptor (TRPV1t) has been proposed as a constitutively
active non-selective cation channel that has many similarities
with the pain receptor TRPV1. In previous report we have
shown that NGCC synthesized by IFF, modulates salt taste on
human and amiloride-insensitive NaCl chorda tympani taste
nerve responses by interacting with TRPV1t. In this presentation,
we performed calcium imaging and cell based assay using in
hTRPV1-expressing cells to test the interaction with NGCC and
TRPV1NGCC enhanced Ca 2+ influx in hTRPV1-exrpessing
cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner with an EC 50
value
of 98.7 µM. The NGCC-induced Ca 2+ influx was markedly
attenuated by ruthenium red (30 µM), a general blocker of
TRP channels, and capsazepine (5 µM), a specific antagonist
of TRPV1, implying NGCC directly activate TRPV1. On
the other hand, TRPA1 is often co-expressed with TRPV1 in
sensory neurons therefore we investigated the effects of NGCC
on hTRPA1-expressing cells. NGCC enhanced Ca 2+ influx in
hTRPA1-exrpessing cells in the same manner as in hTRPV1 with
an EC50 value of 57.2 µM. The NGCC-induced Ca 2+ influx was
blocked by ruthenium red (30 µM), and HC-030031 (100 µM), a
specific antagonist of TRPA1. These data provides evidence that
NGCC selectively activate TRPV1 and TRPA1 in cultured cells.
These data further support our previous suggestion that NGCC
interact with the TRPV1 variant cation channel in the anterior
taste receptive field. Acknowledgements: Supported by a Korea
Food Research Institute (KFRI) grant E0121201 and DC-011569
Olfactory Overshadowing: The Effect of Verbal and Tactile
Stimuli on Olfactory Memory
Nicole K Beers, Amy E Callaham, David E Hornung
Biology Dept. St. Lawrence University Canton, NY, USA
While the strong association between smell and memory has
received considerable attention, little is understood about the
effect non-olfactory stimuli have on the encoding of olfactory
memory. In the “verbal overshadowing” part of this study,
subjects were divided into 5 groups which differed in the type of
verbal response attached to 10 target odors presented during a
training phase. In the 4 experimental groups, subjects verbalized
names or descriptors whereas subjects in the control group
provided no verbal name or description. After participating
in an unrelated task, subjects were presented with a battery
of odorants one at a time (10 targets and 10 distracters) and
asked if they remembered smelling each odorant. Subjects who
verbalized a name or description recognized fewer odorants
as compared to subjects who provided no verbal response. In
addition, the subjects who provided no verbal response identified
fewer distracter odorants as belonging to the target group. In the
“temperature overshadowing” part of this study, subjects had
cold or room temperature water applied to their hands while they
concurrently smelled the target odors. Subjects who had water
applied to their hands during the training phase recognized fewer
of the target odorants as compared to subjects in a control group
from the verbal overshadowing part of the study who had no
water applied to their hands; additionally subjects recalled fewer
of the odors that were paired with the cold stimulus than those
that were paired with room temperature water. The data from
both parts of this study is consistent with the hypothesis that
olfactory memory is impaired when target odorants are coupled
with verbal or tactile stimuli. Acknowledgements:
The St. Lawrence University Fellows Program and the Biology
Department provided some of the funding for this work.
#P128 POSTER SESSION III:
TRIGEMINAL; HUMAN OLFACTORY
PSYCHOPHYSICS; TASTE PERIPHERY
A new paradigm for testing olfactory memory performance in
healthy humans
Yvonne F. Brünner 1 , Christian Benedict 2 , Jessica Freiherr 1
1
Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Aachen, Germany,
2
Institute of Neuroscience Uppsala, Sweden
Long-term memory processes can be divided into two categories:
declarative and procedural memory. While declarative memory
concerns actual knowledge of facts, procedural memory applies
to more unconscious memory of abilities and skills. Declarative
memory processes are based upon the two components
recollection and recognition. Odors are considered highly
salient but abstract evocative cues during the recollection of
past personal experiences and events. The aim of our current
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
Abstracts are printed as submitted by the author(s).
77