Corn || šam darysy 291. Osset. nartxor ‘corn’, liter. ‘food <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Narts’ 21Semantically, such a connection raises no doubts. It is, however, quite <strong>in</strong>explicablephonetically. One might believe that it is a Tkc. derivative from *nart ‘Nart’ witha mean<strong>in</strong>g calqued from Osset. nartxor, but a non-harmonic vocalization underm<strong>in</strong>esthis solution.2. common Europ. nardThe word nard is present <strong>in</strong> many European languages (Lat. nardus, Eng., Fr., Pol.,Russ. et al. nard) but to <strong>the</strong> best <strong>of</strong> our knowledge, it has no etymology. The plantorig<strong>in</strong>ates from <strong>the</strong> region <strong>of</strong> India and Tibet, and has been known to Europeanss<strong>in</strong>ce antiquity as a material for perfume production. It does not look similar to corn,but it should be remembered that ‘corn’ happens to be <strong>the</strong> same word for ‘millet’(see čüzgün qonaq, mysyr bugdajy, žasymyk and žügörü), and that <strong>the</strong> popular terms for‘millet’ might <strong>in</strong> fact mean various, not necessarily closely, related species (see commentaryon ‘millet’). A distant analogy is that čik<strong>in</strong> ‘millet’ may also mean ‘Frenchlavender’ 22 , and <strong>the</strong> word nard is not always entirely monosemantic as well, e.g. Gr.νάρδος, except for Nardostachys Jatamansi might <strong>in</strong> various compounds also mean‘Valeriana Celtica’, ‘Cymbopogon Iwaraneusa’, or ‘nard oil’ (Lidell 9 1968) and o<strong>the</strong>rs.saryforms: sary KarH: KRPSetymology: as yet not discussedcommentary: From corn’s extremely dist<strong>in</strong>ct colour.šam darysyforms: šam darysy Ott.: Eren 1999 s.v. mysyretymology: as yet not discussedcommentary:Cf. mysyr buğdajy, and mäkke, meke žügörü and mekgeǯöven.For a comparison to millet, cf. dary and mysyr bugdajy, and čüzgün qonaq, žasymykand žügörü.21 The Narts were a race <strong>of</strong> giants described <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> mythology <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> peoples <strong>of</strong> Caucasus, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<strong>the</strong> Ossetians. Accord<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> legends, a long time ago, out <strong>of</strong> pride <strong>the</strong>y rose aga<strong>in</strong>st God.God punished <strong>the</strong>m by send<strong>in</strong>g upon <strong>the</strong>m a terrible fam<strong>in</strong>e. At night, <strong>the</strong>y would shoot with<strong>the</strong>ir bows gra<strong>in</strong>s glitter<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sky and eat <strong>the</strong>m but <strong>the</strong>re were not enough, and eventually<strong>the</strong> entire race starved to death. After that, <strong>the</strong> gra<strong>in</strong>s fell to <strong>the</strong> ground and corn sproutedfrom <strong>the</strong>m. (Dumézil 1930: 14)O<strong>the</strong>r languages <strong>of</strong> Caucasus might also be taken <strong>in</strong>to consideration, see Dumézil 1930: 11:‘Peut-être qu’on songe que dans une bonne partie du Caucase du nord […] le maïs, n’a d’autrenom que « l’aliment des Nartes »’.22 The expression <strong>in</strong> Clauson 1972 is not entirely clear to us: ‘çiki:n […] (3) <strong>the</strong> name <strong>of</strong> a plantcalled usṭūxūdūs ‘French lavender’ […]; çek<strong>in</strong> same translation; [….]’.
30 žasymyk || Cornžasymykforms: žasymyk Kzk.dial.: ÈSTJaetymology: see jasymuk ‘millet’commentary:For nam<strong>in</strong>g ‘corn’ and ‘millet’ with one word, cf. dary, šam darysy and žügörü, andčüžgün qonaq.žügörüforms:žügeri Krč.Blk.: Dmitrieva 1972: 213 || Kzk.: Dmitrieva 1972: 213, DFKzk, DKzkF,RKzkS-46, RKzkS-54žügöri Kirg.: Mašanovъ 1899žügörü Kirg.: Dmitrieva 1972: 213, RKirgS-Ju44, RKirgS-Ju57žŭxori Uzb.: Dmitrieva 1972: 213ǯügeri Krč.Blk.: RKrčBlkSlanguages:Kirg.: žügöri, žügörü, ǯügeri || Krč.Blk.: žügeri || Kzk.: žügeri || Uzb.: žŭxorietymology:1972: Dmitrieva: only po<strong>in</strong>ts to a connection with OTkc. jügür, jür, ügür, üjür and Čuv. vir‘millet’, and with Oyr. üre ‘кашица из толчeной крупы’, Tat. öjrä, üre ‘кашица;крупяной суп’, Mo. ür ‘gra<strong>in</strong>; seeds’, OTkc. jügürgün ‘plant similar to millet’commentary:Žügörü as a name for ‘corn’ is presumably an abbreviation <strong>of</strong> meke žügörü (cf. also mekgeǯöven).Similarly mäkke.However, <strong>the</strong> word is not entirely clear from <strong>the</strong> etymological po<strong>in</strong>t <strong>of</strong> view. The -ü<strong>in</strong> auslaut is probably a possessive suffix which orig<strong>in</strong>ally created <strong>the</strong> so-called secondizafet <strong>in</strong> compounds such as Kirg. meke žügörü – cf. Tksh.dial. cögür ‘species <strong>of</strong> grass’DS, and Tksh. mysyr bugdajy ‘corn’ and Ott. šam darysy id. Eren 1999, Tksh.dial. daryTS. We believe that Dmitrieva’s 1972 proposition to connect <strong>the</strong> word with OTkc.ügür &c. has much to commend it (see ügür ‘millet’).Cf. meke žügörü.