Names of Cereals in the Turkic Languages - Wydział Filologiczny UJ

yesecale cereale l.Rye is a secondary cultivable plant (formed from a weed), and is still found as a weed insome parts of the world, especially in the Indochinese and Central Asian Centres. Itsrequirements are rather moderate, allowing it to dominate in mountainous areas and inlow quality soils, but it tends to be displaced by other plants in more fertile lands.Rye probably originates from the area of Asia Minor, Iran and Armenia. Numerousprimitive taxons with clearly weed-like features can still be found in the region and itssurroundings. They surely can not have been ever been domesticated before as there neverexisted intentional cultivations of pure rye in this part of the world.Seeds of rye turn out to be stronger when mixed with the seeds of other cereals. InCentral Europe mixing equal amounts of rye and wheat, and then continuously seedingwith the material of the same origin, results in nearly pure rye harvests in just a couple ofyears. It is probably this feature, in connection with a very old tradition of seeding mixturesof seeds rather than pure species, that gave birth to legends (Tkc., among others) of gradualchange (a deterioration) of wheat into rye. (Nowiński 1970: 176–79.)The relatively few names and their character (borrowings and descriptive names) showthat rye has never been a particularly important plant for the Tkc. peoples. Presumably,it was treated, as it still often is in Asia, more as a weed than a cultivable plant.forms:ārəš → aryšărša → aryšarsānajarys → aryšaryšaryš bidaj → aryšarǯanaj → arsānajarǯanaj tarā → arsānajarǯanaj taryg → arsānajasłykašłych → asłykčadagan → jadygančadygan → jadygančavdarčavdary → čavdarčovdar → čavdarčovdary → čavdarčovdor → čavdardargan → darikandarikandarkān → darikanjadagan → jadyganjadyganjadygan aryš → jadyganjatkan → jadyganjatkan aryš → aryš || jadygankara bašakkara bidaj → kara bugdajkara bijdaj → kara bugdajkara budaj → kara bugdajkara būdaj → kara bugdajkara-bugda → kara bugdajkara bugdajkök najzakök tarā → köktarākök tara → köktarāköktarāoruosqara buγdaj → kara bugdajrožьržisüle → sulysulli → sulysulytereke → darikanyraš → aryšžavdar → čavdaržavdar buγdoj → čavdaržavdari buγdoj → čavdaržovdari → čavdarǯaudar → čavdar