Names of Cereals in the Turkic Languages - Wydział Filologiczny UJ

Oats || harva 51ebiesforms: ebies Yak.: Slepcov 1964, RJakS, Dmitrieva 1972etymology:1964: Slepcov 77: < Russ. ovës ‘oats’ with an irregular correspondence ie < jo, maybefrom a dial. pronunciation *ovjes1972: Dmitrieva: < Russ. ovës ‘oats’2003: Anikin: < Russ. ovës ‘oats’commentary:Dmitrieva 1972 and Anikin 2003 are undoubtedly right, but they entirely disregard thesomewhat strange phonetics of the Yak. form, only briefly mentioned by Slepcov 1964where an unattested Russ.dial. form *ovjes is proposed. Although there is no proof forthis, it seems to be a quite plausible explanation. Another possibility – rather unlikelythough, given the cultural realities – would be a graphical borrowing with regressivevocal harmony caused by long (a rendering of the Russ. accent), accented -ie in thesecond syllable (cf. žesemen and ǯehimien ‘barley’).gara gyjakforms: gara gyjak Trkm.: (Kara-kala) Nikitin/Kerbabaev 1962etymology: as yet not discussedcommentary:gara:‘Black’ is most likely used metaphorically here, meaning ‘worse; bad’ which is a verycommon phenomenon in the Tkc. (and other) languages. Such a meaning certainly isderived from the fact that oats were treated as a weed for such a long period.gyjak:Trkm. gyjak has a couple of meanings, but the one meant here is definitely ‘пырeйволосатый; пырeй ползучий’.harvaforms: harva SarUyg.: Tenišev 1976 || xarva Tenišev 1976etymology: 1976: Tenišev: ? < arpacommentary:The etymology proposed by Tenišev 1976, although presented with a question mark,seems to be very probable. At least, it raises no doubts from the phonetic point ofview: for h- ~ x- cf. SarUyg. harqa ~ xåřk ‘back’ < *arka, or horta ‘middle’ < *orta(Tenišev 1976: 29); and for -rv-: SarUyg. terve- < terbe- ‘to sway’ and others (Tenišev1976: 27).What might not be viewed as being absolutely convincing is the semantics (Tkc. arpa‘barley’). It must be remembered, however, that these two cereals are mixed to someextent, or unified: cf. arpa and the commentary on julaf (point 2) and arpakan, alsosula ‘barley’. (H)arva also means ‘barley’, too.