An adventure in applied science - IRRI books - International Rice ...

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Developing and staffing the program 57IRRI’s main goal of increasing the yield of rice in the less developed countries.By 1966, De Datta took just pride in getting high yields on both experimentaland farmers' fields through the use of modem varieties and good management.When Moomaw left IRRI, De Datta was promoted from associate agronomistto agronomist. He has served as the head of the department since then. Hehas conducted a dynamic program in soil and water management and inchemical weed control. In 1979, while on study leave at the University ofCalifornia, Davis, he wrote a book entitled Principles and Practices of RiceProduction, which was published by John Wiley and Sons in 1981. The work isalready recognized as a major contribution to the rice science literature.The search for a soil microbiologist was more difficult, chiefly because therewere fewer people trained in that area than in soil fertility, for example. At thetime that IRRI was seeking candidates for the post, the customary activity forsoil microbiologists was to work on the degradation of residues of pesticidesand herbicides in soil. Although the Institute was interested in that subject, itwished to stress particularly the nitrogen transformations in flooded soils andthe amounts of nitrogen fixed by microorganisms.The first candidate interviewed for the post was M.I.H. Aleem, a Pakistanirecommended by Martin Alexander of Cornell University under whom Aleemhad worked for his doctorate. He came to IRRI for an interview in early August1962, made a favorable impression, and was offered the position of soilmicrobiologist. Later, he declined the offer for unspecified personal reasons.In October 1962, when I was visiting Cornell University, Alexander told methat he had a bright graduate student by the name of Ian C. MacRae who wouldbe a good candidate for IRRI’s post when he completed his Ph D degreerequirements in June 1963. I interviewed MacRae on that same visit and waswell impressed with his attitude and qualifications. When offered the postlater, he accepted it and reported for duty in July 1963.MacRae performed most creditably at IRRI. As an Australian, however, hewas attracted back to his own country when, in 1967, he was offered apermanent position on the teaching and research staff at the University ofBrisbane.In seeking a replacement for MacRae, IRRI once again turned to Alexanderat Cornell. He recommended Tomio Yoshida, a recent graduate student of his,who was then on a temporary postdoctoral appointment at Colorado StateUniversity. I interviewed Yoshida in Colorado in June 1967 and arranged forhim to join the staff in the Philippines in October of that year. Yoshida (with hisfamily) stayed at IRRI until 1974, when he returned to his native Japan. He wasreplaced in January 1975 by Iwao Watanabe, also Japanese, who still leadsIRRI’s soil microbiology program.In 1962-63, IRRI had two visiting scientists attached to the Department ofAgronomy and Soils. Ellis F. Wallihan, who was on sabbatical leave from theUniversity of California, Riverside, arrived 30 July 1962 and spent one yearhelping IRRI select and install laboratory apparatuses. In addition, he studiedthe nitrogen nutrition of the rice plant, attempting in particular to work out
58 History of the International Rice Research InstituteBradfield retired fromIRRI at age 75. He andMrs. Bradfield rodefrom their house to theresearch center in acalesa to attend thedespedida that IRRIgave them.methods of tissue analysis for detecting the nutritional status of rice. The othervisiting scientist was Edward H. Tyner, on sabbatical leave from the Universityof Illinois. He arrived in September 1962 and spent a year studying theforms and availability of phosphorus in flooded rice soils.Another activity included in the Department of Agronomy and Soils inIRRI’s early years was multiple cropping. Richard Bradfield, who had traveledextensively in Asia in the mid-l950s, became intensely interested in developingcropping systems associated with rice. When he retired from CornellUniversity, the Rockefeller Foundation hired him as a special consultant andassigned him to IRRI in late 1964 to work on multiple cropping in tropical ricegrowingcountries. Although then 68 years old, Bradfield had unusual energyand was deeply absorbed in his work. He laid a good foundation for croppingsystems associated with rice, preparing the way for more extensive work to beundertaken by IRRI later. Bradfield’s work is not included in IRRI’s annualreports, but he published a number of articles in scientific journals. A goodsummary of his findings can be found in Rice, Science and Man, the publicationthat stemmed from IRRI’s tenth anniversary celebration in 1972. Bradfieldcontinued at IRRI until 1 July 1971, when he retired for the second time. His
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An Adventurein Applied Science:A HI
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ContentsDedication viiAbout this pu
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About this publication . . .In 20 y
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xiname, and release varieties. Thus
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PrefaceThe International Rice Resea
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CHAPTER 1An international institute
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An international institute for rice
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An international institute for rice
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Early research and training results
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CHAPTER 5Financing of IRRIThe purpo
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Financing of IRRI 149foreign assist
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156 History of the International Ri
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Creation of other international cen
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Creation of other international cen
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Aerial view of IRRI in1981.However,
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IRRI today 181neering Department: K
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IRRI today 183In spite of this high
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IRRI today 185turn, received geneti
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IRRI today 1871. Research to assist
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Appendices 189materials could readi
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Appendix 2OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENTINTER
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Appendices 193ate to concentrate on
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Appendices 195estimates for buildin
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Appendices 197(4) Development of pr
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Appendices 199was approved for the
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Appendices 201association, or perso
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Appendices 203b. To pass upon the b
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Appendices 205Article VIIMISCELLANE
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