land use plan must contain an analysis of the inconsistency of existingzoning districts, if any, with the land use plan. The land use plan shouldspecify the process by which the zoning ordinance and zoning map shallbe amended to conform to the comprehensive plan. 2The legislation gave municipalities total discretion in their definition and categorizationof land use. State standards for preparing comprehensive plans, issued by the StatePlanning Council, reflected the local prerogative approach, likewise not specifying landuse categories for mapping.Without directions for standardizing categories for land uses, each municipality seems tohave developed a unique land planning and zoning system and terminology, and this isclearly evident in their individual approaches to land use mapping. The State law didspecifically require consistency with both State agency plans and plans of adjacentmunicipalities, but a system with 39 distinct local plan and map categories makescomparison and analysis to determine consistency very difficult.In an effort to bring some conformity to the process, Statewide Planning created aComposite Future <strong>Land</strong> <strong>Use</strong> Map from the 39 municipal maps by interpolating thenumerous municipal land use categories. This map, shown as Map 121-04(5), was usedin assessing alternative future land use scenarios in Part Four.This is to say that plans currently exist for the entire area of the State – all 700,000 acres.Zoning and other land use regulations are in place to control development of every parcelin the State. Clear details of Rhode Island’s overall land use plans, that is, the minimumrequirements for future building on all the 480,000 individual land parcels in the State,are contained in the multiple public plans, development regulations and codes of localagencies.These official plans and regulations mandate the shape and scale of building envelopes,site design work, and public improvement standards for all physical development withinthe State. <strong>Land</strong> use regulations, in all their permutations, create Rhode Island’sgreenspace, community design and infrastructure at the State, municipal, andneighborhood levels. <strong>Land</strong> use regulations go far beyond the listing of uses to which landcan be put within certain zones.Thus, there exist detailed instructions for building and conserving that cover the entireState. Piecing the regulatory requirements together from all the plans and regulationswould create a blueprint for the State’s future land use. Unfortunately, to date only thegeneral outlines of this blueprint are discernible from a statewide or regional perspective.As mentioned above, the 39 major pieces of the blueprint are held by the individual citiesand towns. Only a few of those pieces contain the design details and three-dimensionalcharacter that a good blueprint or model provides. The strategies outlined herein attemptto complete that blueprint.2 Ibid5-4<strong>Land</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>2025</strong>: Rhode Island State <strong>Land</strong> <strong>Use</strong> Policies and Plan (April 2006)
5-4 Planning CapacityAs of the writing of this Plan, 33 of the 39 municipalities had full-time planning staff.This is a significant increase since the adoption of the previous land use plan, and can beattributed to both the new legislative requirements for planning and the increase indevelopment activity particularly in rural communities. While on the one hand theprofessional planning capacity in local government has significantly increased, it is alsovery strained with limits on personnel and budgets.In our discussions with local planners, the second most mentioned problem was localcapacity. This reflected the frustration of local officials who feel there is a significantgap between land use planning in theory and reality, i.e., the ability of communities toimplement what they know from theory to be the best land use practice. In their view,both project-specific development review and long-term planning require a greater levelof knowledge, information, and resources than are available on the municipal level.They also noted that workloads are overwhelming local officials. Planners spend most oftheir time reacting on a case-by-case basis rather than acting proactively by developing orimplementing plans. The frustrations of the professional staff are often compounded bylocal boards and commissions that generally lack training in planning and developmentprinciples, or in their legal powers and authority.In response to these issues, this plan proposes implementation goals and strategies to:• Provide communities with more technical assistance.• Provide local boards and commissions with more education and training.• Provide communities with model ordinances, best practices, forecasting models,etc.• Promote regional cooperation and information sharing.As the Division of Planning attempts to respond to this need for technical assistance atthe local level, this response may result in limiting capacity at the State level in otherplanning disciplines unless accompanied by appropriate staff resources?5-5 ImplementationThis part outlines a framework of objectives and strategies for realizing the plan’s visionfor Rhode Island <strong>2025</strong>. Under the goals for a Sustainable Rhode Island Greenspace,Community Design, Infrastructure, and Implementation, a total of 25 major objectivesand nearly 90 specific strategies have been established. The matrix that follows lists thegoals and objectives together with their related strategies. The table identifies the keyagents, and a lead agent, for each strategy. Strategies are also identified as short-term,long-term, or ongoing. Additional work will focus on developing performance measuresfor each of the goals, and these will be published as an addendum to this report.<strong>Land</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>2025</strong>: Rhode Island State <strong>Land</strong> <strong>Use</strong> Policies and Plan (April 2006) 5-5
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The Statewide Planning Program, Rho
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Advisors to the Technical Committee
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objectives is the only way we can p
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In addition, there are four technic
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Institutional .....................
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LIST OF TABLESTable 121-03(1) Perce
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PART ONE: WHERE ARE WE AND WHERE AR
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distinction between historic urban
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constructed on larger lots than in
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major pubic investments, such as re
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and also included a continuation of
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Geographically, the Current Trend S
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PART TWOWHERE DO WE WANT TO BE IN 2
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Gauging Public Perceptions of Land
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etween the historic urban centers a
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to provide guidance for the (vast m
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LUO 4C: Utilize infrastructure to a
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LUP 12: Encourage development patte
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commercial, and institutional devel
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comprehensive plans and supporting
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Urban Services BoundaryAs noted pre
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Conservation/open space-style devel
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Narragansett Indian Tribal LandsThi
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PART THREE: WHAT ISSUES DO WE NEED
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need of replacement), expanded faci
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• wastewater system design and ca
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• Less than five percent of Rhode
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To help address its housing needs,
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- needs to be upgraded, the advanta
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How This Land Use Plan Supports Sta
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industry has resulted. Since the 19
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municipal plans as future commercia
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The Future Land Use 2025 map identi
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modifications, the capacity of floo
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Restoration and maintenance of the
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