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06 Issue # 11/11 : PublIc Issues Instead of building across the tracks (fig. 2), the new project would stand flank the two sides of the tracks. Because new plans now stated that many of the sidetracks, including access to the post office, the provisional extension of the station and shunting tracks would be given up, much more land became available. Also, the plot occupied by the Post Office's distribution centre 9 and further SBB plots in the northwestern vicinity were added to the building site to allow for a development comparable in size to the old one. Thanks to this new setup, a phased piecemeal approach became possible. This total relaunch took place in a much changed political- economic environment. After many years of major uncer- tainty, Switzerland's economic and political future again looked much brighter and more reliable. First, a large number of so-called bilateral treaties was signed with the EU, amounting to de facto EU-membership minus voting rights. Second, the continuous attacks on the banking secrecy law were kept at bay and – at least temporarily – fended off. Third, contrary to the previous decades, on a national level Zurich was not anymore regarded as a presumptuous economic big mouth but its role as the economic motor of Switzerland became widely accepted. Fourth, this role was further strengthened by the successful attraction of new businesses like software research and development companies. 10 The symbol of this political shift was the election of Elmar Ledergerber as city mayor in 2002. The former head of the building department represented the pragmatic, growth-friendly, neo-liberal wing of the social democratic party. Reinforced with newly-elected city councillors, 11 local politics entered a (ongoing) phase of an incredibly harmonious neo-liberal-red-green coalition, equipped with full coffers and few worries. Railway politics had also changed fundamentally. In 1999, SBB were converted into a shareholder company, albeit with 100% of its shares held by the state. In 2003, its real estate division became an independent company, with the clear aim to become the cash cow for SBB's operational services. Not only was SBB real estate obliged to pay for deficits of its passenger services but it should also help reconstruct the finances of SBB's pension fund (Wolff 2010 and Marti et al. 2010). Stadtraum HB was clearly a cornerstone in this new policy. Urs Schlegel, head of SBB real estate, confirmed this by saying that he was 'expecting a higher rate of profit than with Eurogate' (NZZ, 5 March 2004, p. 51). In view of all these changes, the outset for a restart was promising: Zurich's economy was strong and expanding with a high demand for quality office space; SBB was desperate to create additional income to cover gaps in their pension funds and to cross-subsidize passenger services; and Swiss Post Office as junior partner was ready to toss in valuable acreage in return for some nice money. A new planning process The new planning process was started with a series of workshops involving three teams of architects 12 working in a competitive cooperation accompanied by experts from the city's planning department. The public was included in the process via two sounding boards (Echoräume). This test planning, as it was called, started in September 2003 (Hochparterre 2005, p. 7). The three project promoters – SBB, the City of Zurich, and the Post Office – specified the cornerstones of the project. 2 – Stadtraum HB (white inserts) with Europaallee on south (left) side and smaller future extension 'Zollstrasse' on north side of tracks. © SBB It should be a mixed-use, dense, and lively new quarter of town, not a sterile office city. It should in- clude housing and emphasize attractive public or semipublic groundfloor uses. The image looming large behind all this was one of the tra- ditional European city at- tractively adapted to global urban standards. In sum, the teams should not propose a project but an urban development concept. Based on the test planning results, the team of architect Kees Christiaanse 13 was then commissioned to draw a masterplan for the area on both sides of the tracks. This plan placed special em- phasis on urban design, con- tinuing the existing streetscape, linking up with the existing neighbourhood, enhancing public squares (space) with public art, and dedicating groundfloors to public and semi-public uses. All of these measures not only abated many critics but were widely acclaimed by the wider public. The masterplan formed the basis for the SBB's outline development plan, which was approved by local parliament in December 2004. This outline development plan only covers the larger 78'000 m 2 area on the south side of the tracks, later relabelled Europaallee (see www.europaallee.ch). The north side 9 In fact, a merely 11-year-old post office building, built during the time when HB Süd- west was being planned, was demo- lished to make way for Europaallee. 10 Google and Micro- soft have joined long-time resi- dents IBM to strengthen Zurich as one of Europe's leading IT (research) centres. 11 City council elections of 2002: Elmar Ledergerber, social democrat, becomes mayor, plus three members are replaced by Martin Waser, social democrat, Andres Türler, liberal democrat, Martin Vollenwyder, liberal democrat. 12 Devanthéry & Lamunière Archi- tectes from Geneva, KCAP (Kees Christiaanse) from Rotterdam, and a Zurich-based team with Theo Hotz, Burkhalter Sumi Architekten, and Gigon/Guyer Architekten. 13 Christiaanse is also responsible for the masterplans of Hafen City in Hamburg, the London Olympics, and Science City in Zurich.
07 Issue # 11/11 : PublIc Issues 3 – Europaallee site and use plan, 2010. © SBB, text additions by Richard Wolff. Pictures taken from http://www.europaallee.ch/maincontent/projekt/nutzungskonzept/index_en.php 1 Europaplatz (new) 2 Sihlquai-Passage (existing but much widened underpass and shopping arcade) 3 Gustav-Gull-Platz (new) 4 Lagerstrasse (existing) 5 Europaallee (new) 6 Teacher Training University 7 New pedestrian bridge across river 8 New pedestrian bridge across tracks 9 Kasernenstrasse (existing) Buildings and uses (in order of construction) A1 Sihlpost (built) Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,000 sqm Offices: approx. 10,000 sqm A2 Shopping centre / PHZH, Teacher Training University (under construction) Retail/Restaurant: approx. 6,000 sqm Remaining space let to Pädagogische Hochschule Zürich A3 Private bank Clariden Leu (under construction) Retail/Restaurant: 1,200 sqm Remaining space let to Clariden Leu C UBS (under construction) Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,100 sqm Remaining space let to UBS To be built between approx. 2011 and 2016 E (finished 2014) Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,400 sqm Offices: to let, approx. 1,300 sqm Apartments to let: approx. 6,800 sqm approx. 64 apartments The remaining space let to Swisscanto bank G (2015) Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,200 sqm Offices: approx. 7,400 sqm Condominium apartments: approx. 7,700 sqm approx. 42 apts Homes for the elderly: 7,400 sqm, approx. 70 apts H (2016) Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,400 sqm Offices: approx. 14,000 sqm Rental apartments: approx. 5,000 sqm Hotel: approx. 6,000 sqm, 130 rooms Will be built after 2015 B Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,000 sqm Offices: approx. 8,000 sqm D Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,800 sqm Offices: approx. 10,000 sqm F Retail/Restaurant: approx. 1,800 sqm Offices: approx. 12,000 sqm Rental apartments: approx. 10,000 sqm
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