WHOI-90-52

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Basic Services and Inruentation Opportnities in Mobile Satellte Communication Background John Fuechsel Martime Service, COMSA T COMSA T is the designate representative of the Unite States to both INELSA T (International Point Satellte System) and INARSAT (International Martime Satellte System). In addition to being a martime satellte system, INARSA T is also becmig a mobile system for aeronautica and land mobile uses. COMSAT's products have definite potential for application to mare instrmentation. We do not supply the equipment to our clients, just satellte accss. Equipment manufacturers sell terminals which are ty approved for use in the INRSA T system. COMSAT has extensive oversight by U.S. governmenta agencies. The Deparment of State directs positions to be taen in meetings of the council -- INRSA T's board of directors. The FCC regulates COMSA T as a common caer, approves COMSA T's taffs and limits market entr through its jurisdictional procss. The National Telecommunicating and Information Administrtion (NT A) is the chief of staf for government telecmmunications policy. House within the Depament of Commerce, its role is to act as a liasion between the varous government oversight agencies and COMSA T. The Coast Guad overses safety issues. Since INMARSA T began as a safety system it has taen on a major saety role under IMO (International Martime Organization). COMSAT's ~ COMSA T' s service offerings, for Stadard-A ship-ea stations in the INARSA T system have both telex and voice capabilties; these are interconnected with public switched networks. Telex ca be thought of as the common denominator -- one ca send a message anywllere in the world with telex. Telex, however, is not a parcularly efficient service since it only runs at 50 baud and cost $4.00 per minute. High volume customers do much better trsmitting data using the voice channel since it is easier to achieve a throughput of 2400 bits per send at $10.00 per minute. 65
We are seing a high use of facsimile, which, like other data applications, are trsmitted over the high quality voice channel -- that is, higher quality compaed to the public switched telephone network. When running medium spe data, the quaity of the dial up line wil probably be sacrifice. For higher data rates, a conditioned line to COMSAT's ea station is neeed. COMSA T wil faciltate interconnection with other networks at its two ea stations in California and Connecticut. The Deparment of Defense has expresse interest in AUTOVON and DDM connections; the civil government has expresse interest in FTS, and there are certn packet data networks that the ocographic community intends to use. What Comsat has to offer Generally speng, COMSAT can offer many "high teh" services which peple in this countr want to use and, of course, our public switched network wil support these better than the networks of other countres. COMSA T is also being use by law enforcement agencies, disaster relief agencies, for collection of environmenta reports and volunteer weather observer messages. In addition, it is employed for the dissemination of warings and alerts and the genera faciltation of cleace of ships, cago, passengers, crew and crew effects. We plan to introduce a small, compact Stadard-C termal which uses an omni-directional antenna. Much of the existing service over the past twelve yeas has use what we cal a Stadard-A terminal which has a tracking, stabilze, 85 centimeter dish under a radome and supports both telex and data services. Approximately 10 percent of our terminals are land trsportbles. The FCC scrutinizes applications fairly closely. In remote areas, it is relatively easy to obtan a license. In metropolita areas, however, use of other existing facilties wil be encouraged. Ocographic Ap"plications We find that the ocographic community tends to use the highest state-of-the-ar tehnology; due in par to a greater familarty with computers and modems, and a desire to get the maximum efficient use from a system. There are some new and noteworty trends emerging in ocography -- many of the sensors have a high volume output. The current profier puts out too much data to pass through the GOES satellte or in the ARGOS system. There has been a big surge in hydrographic surveying capabilty which faciltates many other things, such as electronic chars. We have worked jointly with NOAA and a private contractor on developing expendable bathythermograph observations. And we have also worked closely with the University National Ocographic Laboratory (UOLS) organization and their resech vessel operators. 66
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ABSTRACT Thirteen short papers addr
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The Status and Promise of Electroni
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During the two yeas we have been at
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There is currently a major debate r
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The Inuence of Japanes Industrial T
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profier, an ocea acoustic tomograph
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manufacturing would predict between
Page 19 and 20:
References Advisory Committee for T
Page 21 and 22: e both winners and losers from the
Page 23 and 24: ecause they are major end users of
Page 25 and 26: A final, but not insignificat, set
Page 27 and 28: Europen Programs in Marne Science a
Page 29 and 30: proposa included a line item speifi
Page 31 and 32: from 12 Europe countres, has been a
Page 33 and 34: ut other industres have been affect
Page 35 and 36: Indee, if barers fall, the effect c
Page 37 and 38: References Andre, M. 1987. Resech a
Page 39 and 40: Peet, G. 1986. Techniques and metho
Page 41 and 42: These statistics becme a reaity dur
Page 43 and 44: should make it easier to coordinate
Page 45 and 46: proposas submitted to SBIR and appr
Page 47 and 48: An Overview of Technology Transfer
Page 49 and 50: follow the fortunes of that industr
Page 51 and 52: choosing resech paths. In general,
Page 53 and 54: Foundation (NSF) in 1985 and 1988,
Page 55 and 56: In the field of ocography, spin-off
Page 57 and 58: Opponunities for technology transfe
Page 59 and 60: "Strategic Allnces" as an approach
Page 61 and 62: summar then, the desired result of
Page 63 and 64: international ecnomic competitivene
Page 65 and 66: NAT LABS , .. R&D .... ... í7 I DE
Page 67 and 68: the radar were "burned in" for a pe
Page 69 and 70: Differences between ~ Defense am ~
Page 71: chemica industr's 1989 R&D.2S Bang
Page 75 and 76: pretty nealy global. Except for the
Page 77 and 78: Stadard-C wil disappoint some users
Page 79 and 80: Introduction The Status and Promi o
Page 81 and 82: optional feature of some systems. T
Page 83 and 84: in order to tae full advantage of t
Page 85 and 86: Fishermen and operators of workboat
Page 87 and 88: of the inherent limitations of rada
Page 89 and 90: One example is an America Petroleum
Page 91 and 92: intensification of domestic aquacul
Page 93 and 94: System Output The system output inc
Page 95 and 96: Although the geographica sce of pro
Page 97 and 98: In contrast with the heavily use wa
Page 99 and 100: "works." The tida data (Figure 2, p
Page 101 and 102: ". o ,. - LI u . '- 0 o .c 0: 0: ::
Page 103 and 104: Concluding Remarks Obviously we are
Page 105 and 106: All is not new. Commentators someti
Page 107 and 108: of academic resech is critica, both
Page 109 and 110: stang point, the model allows the p
Page 111 and 112: of exchange among the university an
Page 113 and 114: and progras. Benefits, on the other
Page 115 and 116: 14: 10 Technology Transfer and Inte
Page 117 and 118: 15:30 Where do we stad now? Gary Gl
Page 119 and 120: Dr. Allyn C. Vine Mr. Malte von Mat
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50272.101 PAGE WHOI.90.52 REPORT DO
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WHOI-90-52

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