WHOI-90-52

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Background Developing a National Marie Electronics Agenda Gar Glenn Massachusetts Centers of Excellence Corpration The proposa to the National Oceaic and Atmospheric Administrtion (NOAA) to create ths project, entitled, Developing a Natonal Marine Electronics Agend, was submitted in final form just over two yeas ago. The fial proposa was the fifth drat we had submitted. The problem was apparently a conceptual gap between the questions we wanted to ask and NOAA's nee for some operational speificity. We, as the proposers, had what amounted to a seuence of questions marks and unknowns. We knew that our central questions al revolved around issues of competitiveness. For instace, why could some setors of the U.S. economy compete successfully with foreign commercial interests whie others could not? Why did technologies originaly develope with strong U.S. government financial involvement so often end up benefitting!1 U.S. companes? And, what was the proper balance to be strck between governmenta, private, international seurity, and other interests? NOAA, on the other hand, wanted more than just open questions. It also wanted an indication of what direction would be taen, what data would be collected, and where the whole enterprise was headed. We finaly managed to compromise on a project description that had a goo dea of speificity in terms of method but also alowed the varous investigators wide latitude to follow the logica outcomes of their resech. The core of the proposa to NOAA ca be summarzed as follows: The project described in this proposal is designed to assess the competitive position of the U.S. marine instruentation industry in order to obtain empirical baseline data required for preparation of policy guidelines relevan to increasing the competitiveness of the United States in the worldwide marine instruentaton market. Our concern on the specific level was to identify factors and circumstaces in the marne . electronics industr which related to the competitive status of the U. S. industr. On a broader level, we also hope to determine the extent that this industr could be used as a rea world cae study to trce the affects of the many factors influencing U.S. industrial competitiveness in the world economy -- espeially toward the close of the 20th century. 1
During the two yeas we have been at this task, other relevant activities, some parallel and some tagential, have also been underway. I would like to mention three activities that directly relate to the current study. First, one of the most significat recent actions by the federal government has been the passage of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988. This legislation contans over 400 setions, divided into ten major titles. It fills 149 pages in the Congressional Record and another 156 pages of Explanatory Comments. A quick review of these titles wil demonstrate the scope of the legislation and its relevance to our current task. Title I deas with "Trade, Customs and Tarff Laws, " and contans several subsections of interest to our deliberations in this project. Subtitle C contans legislation relating to "unfair international trade practices," and Sections 1303, 1305, and 1306 all taget Japan as a potential violator of goo trade relations. Subtitle C also contans legislation concerning the protection of intellectual property rights. Title II focuses on "Export Enhancement" and contans 71 setions which dea with everything from support for the Overses Private Investment Corporation and negotiations with COCOM to sactions against Toshiba and Kongsberg. Title III deas with "International Financial Policy" and includes a. number of setions of importce to current and perspective exporters. Section IV covers "Agricultural Trade" and includes some legislation of interest to U.S. aquaculture interests, espeially in terms of establishing precedents for certn policy formulations. Title V deas with both foreign corrpt practices and what is generically called "investment and technology." Under this rubric, the Act broadens and redefines the National Institute for Stadards and Technology (out of the old National Bureau of Stadards) and establishes a number of technology related programs and policies. Subtitle C of Title V is the "Competitiveness Policy Council Act," and Subtitle D is the "Federal Budget Competitiveness Impact Statement, " which in turn has two pars -- the National Trade Data Bank (par I) and the requirement for competitiveness impact statements (par II). Each of the other titles contans at least some legislation of interest to us: Title VI is "Education and Training for America Competitiveness." Title VII is the "Buy American Act of 1988." Title VIII is "Small Business." Title IX is "Patents." Title X is "Ocea and Air Transporttion" . Neeless to say, given the objectives of our project to "develop a national marne electronics agenda," our deliberation wil be enhanced by a thorough understading of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act. Second, in the past yea there has been a major outpuring of books, arcles, essays, and miscellaneous writings on varous aspets of competitiveness. One of the most influential has been, "Made in America: Regaining the Competitive Edge," prepared by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Commission on Industrial Productivity. In testimony before Congress in May of 1989, four authors of the book told the Senate Committee on Labor and Human 2
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Page 5 and 6: ABSTRACT Thirteen short papers addr
Page 7: The Status and Promise of Electroni
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Page 13 and 14: The Inuence of Japanes Industrial T
Page 15 and 16: profier, an ocea acoustic tomograph
Page 17 and 18: manufacturing would predict between
Page 19 and 20: References Advisory Committee for T
Page 21 and 22: e both winners and losers from the
Page 23 and 24: ecause they are major end users of
Page 25 and 26: A final, but not insignificat, set
Page 27 and 28: Europen Programs in Marne Science a
Page 29 and 30: proposa included a line item speifi
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Page 33 and 34: ut other industres have been affect
Page 35 and 36: Indee, if barers fall, the effect c
Page 37 and 38: References Andre, M. 1987. Resech a
Page 39 and 40: Peet, G. 1986. Techniques and metho
Page 41 and 42: These statistics becme a reaity dur
Page 43 and 44: should make it easier to coordinate
Page 45 and 46: proposas submitted to SBIR and appr
Page 47 and 48: An Overview of Technology Transfer
Page 49 and 50: follow the fortunes of that industr
Page 51 and 52: choosing resech paths. In general,
Page 53 and 54: Foundation (NSF) in 1985 and 1988,
Page 55 and 56: In the field of ocography, spin-off
Page 57 and 58: Opponunities for technology transfe
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"Strategic Allnces" as an approach
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summar then, the desired result of
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international ecnomic competitivene
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NAT LABS , .. R&D .... ... í7 I DE
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the radar were "burned in" for a pe
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Differences between ~ Defense am ~
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chemica industr's 1989 R&D.2S Bang
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We are seing a high use of facsimil
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pretty nealy global. Except for the
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Stadard-C wil disappoint some users
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Introduction The Status and Promi o
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optional feature of some systems. T
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in order to tae full advantage of t
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Fishermen and operators of workboat
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of the inherent limitations of rada
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One example is an America Petroleum
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intensification of domestic aquacul
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System Output The system output inc
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Although the geographica sce of pro
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In contrast with the heavily use wa
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"works." The tida data (Figure 2, p
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Concluding Remarks Obviously we are
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All is not new. Commentators someti
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of academic resech is critica, both
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stang point, the model allows the p
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of exchange among the university an
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and progras. Benefits, on the other
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14: 10 Technology Transfer and Inte
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15:30 Where do we stad now? Gary Gl
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Dr. Allyn C. Vine Mr. Malte von Mat
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50272.101 PAGE WHOI.90.52 REPORT DO
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WHOI-90-52

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