Eurasian Integration Yearbook 2012

Advanced Economic Cooperationin Sectors and Industriesfrom an overall reduction in consumption in other countries because of theglobal financial crisis. In 2010 Russia’s net power flow increased by morethan 10% year-on-year to 17.02 billion kWh. The main importers of Russianelectricity in 2010 were Finland (58.4%), Lithuania (25.6%), and Kazakhstan(6.9%). Small volumes were transmitted to Norway, Belarus, Latvia, Ukraine,South Ossetia and Mongolia. The exchanges with Georgia and Azerbaijanwere seasonal. The redistribution of supplies between the countries wascaused by two main factors: the decommissioning in 2010 of the Ignalina NPP(Lithuania) and the repair, during that year, of the 750 kV power line betweenSmolensk NPP and the Belorusskaya substation in Belarus (INTER RAO UES,2011).In addition to exports and imports shown in the table, Russia supplied electricity(without importing it) from its own generating facilities located in othercountries: it supplied Iran from the Hrazdan TPP in Armenia and Romania fromthe Moldavskaya GRES in Moldova. In 2010 Russia began supplying Turkeywith electricity transited via Georgia (Еnergo-news.ru, 2010; INTER RAO UES,2011).Exports grew and imports declined in 2011, creating a record high net powerflow for the period 2008-2011. In the first nine months of 2011, the balanceof exports and imports reached 15.6 TWh, up almost 3.5 TWh year-on-year.The increase in exports was due in particular to the restoration of supplies toBelarus, increased exports to China and Mongolia, and the launch of the secondunit at the Kaliningrad TPP in 2010 (which made it possible to export its excessproduction to Lithuania and Belarus).Belarus is Russia’s traditional partner, yet cooperation between the two in2008-2010 was far from stable. Exports and imports between Russia andKazakhstan did not change drastically over the same period, but the trend wasdownward. Belarus and Kazakhstan accounted for around 50% of Russianexports to neighbouring countries in 2008. This increased to almost 70% in2009, but dropped to 20% in 2010 (because of the decrease in imports byBelarus). Kazakhstan supplied almost 70% of Russian imports from neighbouringcountries in 2008-2009, falling to 50% in 2010.TajikistanAs shown in Table 11.7 below, in 2008-2009 Tajikistan’s most significantelectricity exchanges were with Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, while itsexchange with Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan was lower.Before it was disconnected from the Central Asian IPS, Tajikistan suppliedelectricity each year to the Surxondaryo Province in southern Uzbekistan,and received the same amount of electricity in its northern Sughd Provincefrom Uzbekistan’s Syrdarya GRES. Tajikistan and Uzbekistan also exchangedelectricity as allowed by their joint responsibility to regulate water discharge194 EDB Eurasian Integration Yearbook 2012