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List of Abstracts 203Contact: anls@dmu.dkThe origin of one half of primary emitted mercury is estimated to be anthropogenic. This results in emissionhotspots of mercury in urban/industrial areas. Also other anthropogenic emitted species like SOx, NOx andVOC can be expected to be elevated in urban plumes. There is evidence that bromine is the main oxidant ofgaseous elemental mercury (GEM) in the atmosphere. One source of bromine is release from sea sprayabove the ocean. The difference in meteorological conditions and chemical composition in the marineboundary layer compared to the terrestrial boundary layer combined with mercury emissions from coastalurban areas could cause a different pattern in fractionation and deposition of mercury at the coast than isseen at inland urban sites. Investigations are thus needed to better understand emission loads, fractionation,and impact of mercury on air, soil, and water in coastal urban areas.We investigate this issue using measurements of GEM and reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) in 15 coastalcities and their marine boundary layer. A closer examination of 3-4 days of continuous harbor measurementsis carried out for three urban areas in the Southern Hemisphere (Sydney (Australia), Christchurch (NewZealand) and Valparaiso (Chile)). The results will be discussed.P-Observations 2.74 ID:4270 10:30Ground-Based Measurements of Tropospheric Species Over Toronto and Comparisons with theGEOS-Chem ModelCynthia Whaley, Dylan Jones, Joseph Mendonca, Kimberly StrongUniversity of TorontoContact: cwhaley@atmosp.physics.utoronto.caWe present tropospheric trace gas columns retrieved using a ground-based Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR) spectrometer at the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory (TAO), which has beenrecording high-resolution solar absorption spectra on a regular basis since May 2002. The trace gas retrievalsare performed using the optimal estimation method implemented semi-empirically with the SFIT2 algorithm.The time series of the total columns from May 2002 to October 2009 are presented here for troposphericspecies CH4, C2H6, N2O, CO, HCN and O3. The retrievals were done using the newly recommendedspectral microwindows from the Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC).Three of the time series are compared to the GEOS-Chem model, which is a global 3-D chemical transportmodel of atmospheric composition driven by assimilated meteorological fields from the Goddard EarthObserving System (GEOS). The CH4 time series is also compared to recent GOSAT observations. Weassess both the measurement retrieval parameters and the model emissions inventories, and interpret themeasurements in terms of atmospheric processes.P-Observations 2.75 ID:4375 10:30Air quality in South Africa – past trends and future challenges. A case study at a regional backgroundsite.Paul Beukes 1 , Pieter Van Zyl 1 , Elne Conradie 1 , Kobus Pienaar 1 , Gabi Mkhatshwa 2 , Gerhard Fourie 3 ,Corinne Galy-Lacaux 41 North-West University, South Africa2 Eskom Holdings, Resources and Strategy Division, Rosherville, Johannesburg, South Africa3 Sasol Technology Research and Development, Sasolburg, South Africa4 Laboratoire d’Aérology 14, Av. Edouard Belin 31 400 Toulouse, FranceiCACGP-IGAC 2010 14 July, 2010
List of Abstracts 204Contact: pieter.vanzyl@nwu.ac.zaCertain aspects of air quality in developed countries have shown vast improvements during the last couple ofdecades. In contrast, developing countries have historically rather placed emphasis on economic growth,with the acceptance of certain environmental and health risks.On the African continent South Africa (SA) plays a leading role in many aspects and is regarded as theindustrial and economic hub of southern Africa. Within a global air quality perspective SA is also relativelyimportant, due to the fact that i) biomass burning plumes from southern Africa affects Australia and SouthAmerica, ii) an anthropogenic NO2 hotspot, over the South African Highveld area, is clearly visible formsatellite observations, iii) NO2 transport from this region has been tracked as far as Australia and iv) SA isregarded as one of the top ten sulfur emitting countries in the world.Considering the importance of SA within the continent and indeed within the global perspective, thequestion should therefore be asked: Where is air quality in South African heading?In this paper a 16 year data series from a regional background station is discussed in order to make someconclusions with regard to past air quality trends and the possible future direction that air quality in SAmight be heading.P-Observations 2.76 ID:4193 10:30Chemical composition of PM2.5 and PM10 collected in urban and biomass burning sites of São PauloState, Brazil.Perola Vasconcellos 1 , Davi Souza 2 , Risto Hillamo 3 , Minna Aurela 3 , Karri Saarnio 3 , Kimmo Teinila 31 Institute of Chemistry - University of São Paulo2 National Institute of Nuclear Research3 Finnish Institute of meteorologyContact: perola@iq.usp.brAerosol particles affect the climate both directly by scattering and absorbing incoming solar radiation andindirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. On the global scale, biomass burning represents animportant source of atmospheric aerosols and greenhouse gases, and has demonstrated positive and negativeeffects on climate. The chemical composition of aerosol is variable, thus it is important the knowledge anddetermination of molecular markers to identification emission of specific sources. In order to characterizethe aerosol from urban (August 2008 and March-April 2009) and biomass burning (November 2008) in SãoPaulo State, Brazil, particulate matter samples were collected (PM2.5 and PM10). In this work weredetermined PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, inorganic ions, organic acids and monosaccharide anhydridesas levoglucosan, galactosan e manosan. PM2.5 mass concentrations in 2008 were from 17 to 83 µg m-3 atSPA (av. 47 µg m-3 ) and 6 to 26 µg m-3 in PRB (av. 18 µg m-3), and from 4 to 42 µg m-3 in 2009 at SPA(av. 13 µg m-3). The PM10 mass concentration range in 2008 is 35 to 98 µg m-3 at SPA (av. 64 µg m-3) and27 to 43 µg m-3 (av. 35.2 µg m-3) at PRB. The differences can be explained considering seasonalinfluences, meteorological condition, and local emission sources of the aerosol. Sulphate, nitrate,ammonium, elementar carbon (EC) and particulate organic material (POM) are major components in massbalance of the total PM2.5 and PM10. On average 68% of PM10 was made up of fine particles at SPA08 siteand 46% at PRB08 site. At SPA08 sulfate, potassium, ammonium, nitrate, fosfate concentrations werehigher in PM2.5 than in PM2.5-10. Converselly at PRB08 site sodium and magnesium concentrations werehigher in PM2.5-10 than in PM2.5.iCACGP-IGAC 2010 14 July, 2010
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Page 238 and 239: List of Authors 237Beck, Veronica .
Page 240 and 241: List of Authors 239Dann, Tom.......
Page 242 and 243: List of Authors 241Gioda, Adriana .
Page 244 and 245: List of Authors 243Keating, Terry .
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