<strong>the</strong> export of <strong>drug</strong>s <strong>to</strong> a co<strong>un</strong>try or terri<strong>to</strong>ry except within <strong>the</strong> limits of <strong>the</strong> <strong>to</strong>tal of <strong>the</strong>estimates for that co<strong>un</strong>try or terri<strong>to</strong>ry. 130Paragraph 1 of Article 20 provides that <strong>the</strong> INCB must supply forms <strong>to</strong> Parties on which<strong>the</strong> statistical returns are <strong>to</strong> be provided. Current statistical return forms require specificinformation about more than 50 different <strong>drug</strong>s. 131 According <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> 1961 Commentary,<strong>the</strong> INCB also has an implied right <strong>to</strong> request statistical returns from non-Parties <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>Convention. 132As with ‘consumed’ in Article 19, ‘consumption’ in subparagraph (1)(c) of Article 20 has<strong>the</strong> specific meaning given in Article 1(2) – supply <strong>to</strong> a person or enterprise for retaildistribution, medical use or scientific research.Similar obligations <strong>to</strong> furnish statistical returns in respect of psychotropic substances areimposed on Parties by Article 16(4) of <strong>the</strong> 1971 Convention.4.8.2 Option 2 – changes <strong>to</strong> Article 20As discussed above and below, it is proposed that Article 19 should be amended <strong>to</strong>require Parties <strong>to</strong> furnish separate estimates for medical/scientific markets, and nonmedical/non-scientificmarkets in <strong>drug</strong>s, and that Article 21 should be amended <strong>to</strong>require non–medical or scientific use, consumption and additions <strong>to</strong> s<strong>to</strong>cks of <strong>drug</strong>s <strong>to</strong>be taken in<strong>to</strong> acco<strong>un</strong>t in determining manufacture and import limits. Therefore, <strong>to</strong>ensure that statistical returns would continue <strong>to</strong> enable assessment of whe<strong>the</strong>r estimateshave been exceeded and determination of manufacture and import limits, and <strong>to</strong>facilitate moni<strong>to</strong>ring of non-medical/non-scientific markets in <strong>drug</strong>s, as well asmedical/scientific markets, it is also proposed that Article 20(1) should be amended <strong>to</strong>require Parties <strong>to</strong> furnish separate statistical returns in respect of production,manufacture, use and consumption of <strong>drug</strong>s for medical or scientific purposes, as wellas for non-medical and non-scientific purposes.Article 20(1) does not specify that statistical returns are only required in respect ofproduction, manufacture, use and consumption of <strong>drug</strong>s for medical or scientificpurposes; however, this is <strong>the</strong> case by virtue of Article 4(c), because only medical orscientific production, manufacture, use and consumption of <strong>drug</strong>s is permitted. Theremoval of Article 4(c) from <strong>the</strong> Convention would mean that <strong>the</strong> requirements inArticle 20(1) for provision of statistical returns would extend <strong>to</strong> non-medical and nonscientificproduction, manufacture, use and consumption of <strong>drug</strong>s, without amendmen<strong>to</strong>f <strong>the</strong> provision. However, Article 20(1) should be directly amended <strong>to</strong> make it clear that1301961 Commentary, p. 243.131International Narcotics Control Board. Form C, Annual statistics on production, manufacture,consumption, s<strong>to</strong>cks and seizures of narcotic <strong>drug</strong>s.http://www.incb.org/pdf/forms/form_c/Form_C_14edition_09/Form_C_14_1209_English.pdf(accessed 8 July, 2012).1321961 Commentary, p. 244.105
separate returns would be required for production, manufacture, use and consumptionof <strong>drug</strong>s for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>r purposes, ra<strong>the</strong>r than aggregatereturns for all purposes.4.8.3 Option 2 – amendment of Article 20The following amendments should be made <strong>to</strong> Article 20:1. In paragraph (a), after ‘<strong>drug</strong>s’, insert ‘for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>rpurposes’2. In paragraph (b), after ‘<strong>drug</strong>s’, insert ‘for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>rpurposes’3. In paragraph (c), after ‘<strong>drug</strong>s’, insert ‘for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>rpurposes’4. In paragraph (d), after ‘poppy straw’, insert ‘for medical and scientific purposes, ando<strong>the</strong>r purposes’5. In paragraph (f), after ‘<strong>the</strong>reof’, insert ‘for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>rpurposes’.Article 20. Statistical Returns <strong>to</strong> be Furnished <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Board1. The Parties shall furnish <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Board for each of <strong>the</strong>ir terri<strong>to</strong>ries, in <strong>the</strong> manner andform prescribed by <strong>the</strong> Board, statistical returns on forms supplied by it in respect of <strong>the</strong>following matters:a) Production or manufacture of <strong>drug</strong>s for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>rpurposes;b) Utilisation of <strong>drug</strong>s for <strong>the</strong> manufacture of o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>drug</strong>s, of preparations in ScheduleIII and of substances not covered by this Convention, and utilisation of poppy straw for<strong>the</strong> manufacture of <strong>drug</strong>s for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>r purposes;c) Consumption of <strong>drug</strong>s for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>r purposes;d) Imports and exports of <strong>drug</strong>s and poppy straw for medical and scientific purposes,and o<strong>the</strong>r purposes;e) Seizures of <strong>drug</strong>s and disposal <strong>the</strong>reof;f) S<strong>to</strong>cks of <strong>drug</strong>s and disposal <strong>the</strong>reof for medical and scientific purposes, and o<strong>the</strong>rpurposes;g) Ascertainable area of cultivation of <strong>the</strong> opium poppy.106
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ROADMAPS TO REFORMINGTHE UN DRUG CO
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ContentsPreface ...................
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PrefaceTHE IDEA FOR this Report cam
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PART I. POSSIBLE ROADMAPS
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hope for serious progress, but we c
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We do not underestimate the difficu
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also imposes requirements concernin
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domestic market, just as producers
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Protocol strengthened some provisio
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ut considerably less potency than s
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has announced its intention to reac
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objected to. Concerning the 1971 tr
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Table 2. Summary of reservations to
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Reservations about traditional use
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As Swaine notes, ‘the Vienna Conv
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unhappy about a country implementin
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Preemption by a new ‘single conve
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and their effort was rejected by a
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national or subnational level. Proh
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Chapter 5. Proposed treaty amendmen
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Article 1. DefinitionsExcept where
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Article 36 - penal provisionsIn Art
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Article 7. Special Provisions regar
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and to ensure adequate supplies of
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Article 1 − definition of ‘cons
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Article 19 - estimates of drug requ
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Article 21. Limitation of Manufactu
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contrary to a law or regulation ado
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1. in subparagraph (a):a) after ‘
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) for ‘in accordance with paragra
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obligations on Parties in respect o
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penalise preparatory acts in connec
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accordance with subparagraph (a) of
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Article 3(1)(c)(iii) warrants speci
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6.1.2. Option 1 - changes to the 19
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uncertainty. Accordingly, Article 3
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Consequently, Parties would also no
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…4. d) The Parties may provide, e