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Amendments No. V-2/85 ( July )FIGURE 4.17.2Simple beam bridgeFIGURE 4.17.3Arch bridge overChatham Road carryingFai Kwong StreetFIGURE 4.17.4Cable-stayed footbridgeover Cotton Tree Drive
V.4.17.4Amendments No. V-2/85 (July)4.17.4 Propor t ionProportion may be defined as the scheme of dimensionalratios that will produce a desirable form or assembly of associatedforms.The proportions of a structure strongly influence itscharacter. For example, exaggerated height, as in churcharchitecture, can induce an air of reverence or awe. There are,however, limits to the range of acceptable distortions, and certaindimensional ratios are widely accepted as being more pleasing thanothers.The celebrated "golden ratio 11 A:B = B:(A+B) (that is1:1.618) is a rectangular ratio known for its pleasing effect. It hasbeen widely used to define the proportions of anything from windows towhole buildings. Unfortunately, such simple ratios have littlerelevance to more complex arrangements of shapes, and good design cannever result solely from the application of mathematical formulaewithout the influence of a creative imagination and a sensitive feelfor what is good.ratios ofThe principal proportions of a bridge are governedpier height to spanwidth to spansuperstructure depth to span,by theusing the dimensions shown in Figure 4.17.5.In the final analysis the designer must acquaint himself with theeffect on proportion of varying these ratios by personal observation.Constant careful observation of things that look right or wrong in theeveryday scene is the real key to good judgement in such matters.Where there is an 'assembly of associated forms 1 , proportionis * as much concerned with appropriate relationships between them aswith their individual proportions. A poorly proportioned structuremay have components which appear too light or too heavy for theirapparent role, leading to suggestions of structural deficiency,imbalance or lack of stability. Typically such errors result fromreliance upon two-dimensional drawings only. For example, a sectionthrough a typical column and deck will give a completely differentimpression of proportion to the real thing, as may be seen in Figure4.17.6, where the great area of the underside of the bridge is moreapparent as perspective comes into play.The total configuration of a three-dimensional object, suchas a bridge, is difficult if not impossible to appreciate from twodimensional drawings and the use of scale models to verify initialconcepts is a virtual necessity for all but the simplest of designs.Perspective effects can be imitated with the use of simple miniperiscopedevices made from cardboard tubes and mirrors if desired.
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UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONGLIBRARYHong
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NOTESThe Civil Engineering Manual o
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CONTSUTSClauseNo,TitleClans®No*Tit
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ALPHABETICAL INDEXTitleClause No.AA
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TitleClause No.GeneralGeneralGenera
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TitleClause No.PERMITS AND SHORT-TE
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TitleClause No.Safety Fences, Pedes
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¥.1*1.2 (Cont'd.)(July 7?)Item 7 s
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V.1.1.4 (Cont'd.)(July 7?)Item 22It
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Y*1*1*7 (Cont'd*)(July 77)If releva
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(July 77)££S2£§S£i^(a)This pro
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7«1*2«1 (Cont f d*(July 77)P*G«B
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(July 7?)acquire land for street wi
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V.1.2,3 (Cont'd.)(July ?7)(ii) By n
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(July 77)1 *41*4*1OHThese instructi
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(July 77)1.4.31 *4*4 FinanceMonthly
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,1«5.1 (Cont'd*)Fuly 77)(d)(vii) W
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V.1.6(July 77)1>6 KefersiacesReleva
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Appendix 1 - p«2(July 77)Pliase I
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V.1Appendix 1 - p*4(July 77)Phase I
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V. 1Appendix 1 - p*6(July 77)Phase
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V.1Appendix 1 - p.8(July 77)NotesSu
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V.1Appendix 1(July 77) - p*1QPART I
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1* PresentationHighways Office* P+V
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v.rAppendix 2 - p*3(July 77)3*7 Dgg
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Y.1Appendix 2 - p*5(July 7?)(v) des
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1* PresentationV.1Appendix 5 w P*1(
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V.1Appendix 5 -(July ?7)(b)(c)(d)lo
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V.1Appendix 4 - P»2(July 77)Schedu
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The amendment is direct conversion
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Name ofRoad/StreetApprovedDrawingBa
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The amendment is direct conversion
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JName of j ApprovedRoad/Street j Dr
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List of Roads Affeoted by Road Wide
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V.1 'Appendix 6(July 77)Prom s Chie
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Appendix 8(July 11}M'E M 0From s C.
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7.1Appendix 10(July 77)MEMOFrom $ C
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7.1Appendix 12(jtdy 77)MEMOFrom i C
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Appendix 14(July 77)Prom s D*L»Ref
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Appendix 16(July 7?)MEMOi Registrar
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V.1Appendix 1? - p«2(July 77)I? Ex
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Highways () DivisionWORKS CONTINGEN
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V.1Appendix 20(juLy 77)CHECK LIST -
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V.1Appendix 21 - p»2(July 77)FOE O
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7.1Appendix 22 - p.2(July 77)21. G.
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H.H.4.3V.1Appendix 24(July 77)Our R
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H.H.Appendix 26(July 77)HIGHWAYS (H
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V.2.2.1(July 77)2*2 PROCEDURE2 * 2
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(July 11}2.5 PRIVATEForms FGForms F
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?*2«3*1 (Cont f d«)(July 77)Appen
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?« 2.3*3 (Cont s d)(July 7?)Only o
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(July 7?)2«4 GQj^MEKT PROJECTS2«4
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Amendnent Sheet Ko» 7Formation Req
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V.2Appendix 1 - p.2(July 77)FOR ADV
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V.2Appendix 2 - p*2(July 77Îtem Ho
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Appendix 3 ~ P*1(July 7?)Notes on F
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¥.2Appendix 5 - P»3(July 77)(* in
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V.2Appendix 4 ~ p*2(July 77)3* To e
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7*2Appendix 6(July 77)Land Developm
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Appendix 7 - P*2(July 77)Land DeTel
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V.2Appendix 7 «• P*4(July 7?)Lan
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Appendix 8 — p*2(July 77)Land Dev
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¥.2Appendix 9(July 77)Authorized A
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Y.2Appendix 11(July 77)Form BProm s
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¥.3.1(July 77)CHAPTER 3MAINTEMAIGE
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(Aug* 78)3*1*2 GeneralAmentoent She
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(Aug* 78)3*1*^ Surveys3«1*5 Inspec
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(Aug. 78)3*2*4 ôcediire^^ for Work
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V.3.2.7(AUK. 78)3*2.7 Correspondenc
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¥.3.4(July 77)3*4 BUS TERMINI AID
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V.3.6(July 77)3.6 TRAFFIC AIDS3.6.1
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77)3-6.4 PrpcdurC. for T., is the a
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V.3*6*7(July 773*6,7 J?l!iMI§,4]^^
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(July 77)3.8 CI^£gANCE .........OF
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77)3«8« l * Obetructigns ........
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.3*9«2 (Cont'd.)(ill) He should ad
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V.3.10.4(July 77)3*10«4 Bailey...
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¥,3.12(July 7?)3«12 MAIHTENANCE O
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¥.3*12.2 (Cont'd.)(July 77)(e) Roa
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3J4DAKGEROTJS BOULDERS(July 77)As a
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(July 77)3« '6 MAINTENANCE OF CEME
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Appendix 1 - p»2(July 77)RemarksRe
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PointV.3Appendix 2 - p.2(July 77)Lo
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V.3Appendix 3 - P«2(July 11}Remark
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Appendix 4 ~ P*2(July 77)RemarksRec
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Appendix 5 ~ P«2(July 77)ftecommen
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V.3Appendix 6 - p.2(July 77)ROAD AN
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¥.3Appendix 7 ~P»1(July 77)Gentle
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Appendix 8(July 7?)R@f * Highways (
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HIGHWAYS OFFICEAppendix 10(July 77)
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¥.3Appendix 12(July 77)REGISTERED
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EnactmentRoad Traffic OrdinanceS.15
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Enactment Subject Authority Delegat
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SIGNS JSP MABKDjaS ~ M INSPECTION R
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OA&os&~Whltc paperIE* -paper— (Re
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Appendix 19 - p«2(July 77)18. The
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7.3Appendix 1977)* »*!»8B««2a±
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Duplicate—re/tow paper—{Retaine
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CIVIL ENGINEERING MANUALVOLUME V RO
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Amendment No. V-l/92 (Jan.)CHAPTER
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4.4.2.5 Creep of concreteAmendment
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Amendment No. V-l/89 (Feb.)4.12.10
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Amendment No. V-l/89 (Feb.)4.15.6 R
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Amendment No. V-l/89 (Feb)4.17.1 Ae
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Amendment No. V-l/92 (Jan.)APPENDIC
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V.4.1Amendment No. V-l/89 (Feb.)CHA
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V.4.2Amendment No. V-l/91 (Jan.)4.2
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V.4.2.2Amendment No. V-l/91 (Jan.)4
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Amendments No. V-2/84 (March)TABLE
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V.4.2.3.3Amendment No. V-l/92 (Jan.
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Table 4.2.4a Drag Coefficient CD fo
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V.4.2.4Amendment No. V-l/92 (Jan.)4
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V.4.2.4.3.1Amendment No. V-l/92 (Ja
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GROUP2TYPE OF CONSTRUCTIONSTEEL DEC
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V.4Appendix 4.2.1 — p. 2(November
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V.4Appendix 4 . 2 . 2 : - p . 2Amen
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V.4r , Appendix 4 . 2 . 2 - p . 4 ,
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V.4Appendix 4.2.3 — p. 2Amendment
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V.4Appendix 4.2.3 - p. 4Amendment N
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V.4Appendix 4.2.4 - p. 2Amendment N
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V.4Appendix 4.2.4- p\ 4Amendment No
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V.4.2.6 (Cont'd)(Noveitiber / 1983)
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V.4.2.10Amendment No. V-l/91 . (Jan
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(1) HB vehicle within one notional
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V.4.2.10.2Amendment No. V-l/91 (Jan
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Amendment No. V-l/91 (Jan.)LoadedLe
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V.4.2.12.3(November, 1983)4.2.12.3
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7.4.1.2(November, 1983)Highway stru
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V.4.2.2Amendments ITo d V-3/854»2
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Amendments !To» V-3/85 (July)4« 2
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DIFFERENCEFROM MEAN VOIDTEMPERATURE
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V, 4*2*4*3(!fevember f 1983)4*2®4
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TABLE A 9 64.^.0SDBPACE TEMPERATURE
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4«2«6f 1983)Although the risk of
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4-2.7V.4.2.7(November, 1983)4.2.7.1
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7*4*2*8(Nbvember f 1983)Pedestrian
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4*2«12«3V*4»2*12*3(November, 198
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V.4Appendix 4«2«1 - p*(Bovember,
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V.4Appendix 4,2.2 - p.2(Kbvember, 1
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V.42, COLUMNS Appendix 4*2*2 - p*4(
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Appendix 4.2.5Amendment No* V-l/92
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V.4Appendix 4-3Amendments No* V-2/8
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TABLE 4.4.1CONDITIONS OF EXPOSURECO
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TABLE 4.4.2Characteristicstrength a
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4*4*2*4 Shrinkage(Ifevember, 1983)S
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3)oc;om•Hmm ajo mo mo(AXm mTIID o
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4«4«2*6 Coefficient of thermal ex
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¥.4.4*4M A * n x 4 (November, 1983
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Y*4*4*4*3 (Qont'd)(November, 1983)T
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Appendix &.4.1-P21000800VDO600o»0u
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TABLE 4.4.3CHEEP INVESTIGATIONDetai
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Appendix 4.4.2-P37 10 20 50 100 200
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7*4POST-TENSIONING SYST3MSAppendix
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4.9 BBABINGS (November, 1983)4*9*1
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TABLE *f.9.1ROTATIONCLASSCLASSIFICA
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AppemSix 4.9.2SCHEDULE OF BEARINGSn
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4*10 FATIGUE(November, 1983)The rec
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«(Hbveniber, 1983)4« 11 ® 6 Psî
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(Sbvember, 1983)Experience has show
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vvSHRINKAGE, CREEP ANDPRESTRESSTHER
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V«4*11*2 (Cont'd)(November, 1983)A
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W.R. Gr a ce (HK) Ltd.CCL Systems P
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Byckerhoff and Widmann AG(Bymdag Sy
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Franki PSC LtdVfong Pa & Company Lt
Page 330 and 331: V4.12Amendment No. 7-4/85 (Sept*).4
Page 332 and 333: V4.12Amendment l N Io« ¥-4/85 (Se
Page 334 and 335: 7,4*12*11*1 (Cont'd)mu • • *.
Page 336 and 337: V*4*13(November, 1983)4*13 TOUNDATI
Page 338 and 339: 4* 13» 5 JteiJIJPULJfeiSlfiLM M iB
Page 340 and 341: 7.4.13.6.2 (Cont'd)(November, 1983)
Page 342 and 343: lPARTICLE ! SIZE mm//^7f""""1"Tl>oo
Page 344 and 345: 1»3 Overturning2» Piledv.4Appendi
Page 346 and 347: Y.4*14(November, 1983)4*14 HEADBOOM
Page 348 and 349: 4,14«3 fempjeqsat;Lop, fo r. verti
Page 350 and 351: 4.15 PARAPETSV.4.15(November, 1983)
Page 352 and 353: 4*15«4 BesignV.4«15*4(ifovember,
Page 354 and 355: V.4«15*5*5 (Cbnt'd)(November, 1983
Page 356 and 357: 4«15«6 Reinfproed i .£onoret e
Page 358 and 359: 4*15.12 Sight ,digtanoea7.4*15.12(N
Page 360 and 361: TABLESTRENGTH OF BKEMFDJRCED CONCRE
Page 362 and 363: TABLE 4«15«6DIMENSIONS FOR GBDUP
Page 364 and 365: •orL^BBranMaanaI,_1 'iAODININGEDF
Page 366 and 367: 15CLFOOTWAYTOP SHAPED TOCOMPLY WITH
Page 368 and 369: 7*4Appendix 4*15*2 - p«1(November,
Page 370 and 371: ¥.4Appendix 4«15*2 - p*34* Vehicl
Page 372 and 373: 4.16 STOKMWATER DRAINAGE7.4.16(Nove
Page 374 and 375: ?.4»l6«2*2(Cont*d)(November, 1983
Page 376 and 377: ¥.4*16*4(Jfovember* 1983)vf' yCity
Page 378 and 379: V.4.17.2Amendments No. V-2/85 (July
Page 382 and 383: a,FIGURE 4,17.5DIMENSIONS GOVERNING
Page 386 and 387: Amendments No. V-2/85 (July)Texture
Page 388 and 389: Amtndmtnis No. V-2/85 ( July)GOOD®
Page 390 and 391: Amtndmtnt* No. V-2/851 July)EXCESSI
Page 392 and 393: FIGURE 4.17.13 VISUAL INSTABILITY T
Page 394 and 395: Amendments No. V - 2 / 85 (July )SU
Page 396 and 397: ¥.4*19*4.7(November^ 983)4.7 Blanc
Page 398 and 399: 12* Clause 4*13*3V.4*19*12(November
Page 400 and 401: 17« Clause 4.15*6V*4*19*17(Kbvembe
Page 404 and 405: RHYTHMFIGURE 4.1Z17RHYMERHYTHM AND
Page 406 and 407: V. 4.17.12Amendments No. V-2/85 (Ju
Page 408 and 409: Amendments No. V-2/85 { July)FIGURE
Page 410 and 411: V.4Appendix 4.17.1 - p.lAmendments
Page 412 and 413: V.4Appendix 4.17.1 - p.3Amendments
Page 414 and 415: 4,18 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONSV*4
Page 416 and 417: 4«18*3«2 Maintenance accommodatio
Page 418 and 419: v.5.1(July 77)CHAPTER 5MINOR WORKS(
Page 420 and 421: (July*??)5*5 PHEPARATION OF, MINOR
Page 422 and 423: Highways""""C ) ""DivisionCheck Lis
Page 424 and 425: Name of Soad sLocation :Sub j ect1*
Page 426 and 427: (July 77)6.1 ROAD RECORDS6*1.1 Proc
Page 428 and 429: NAME OF ROAD:—STATUSLOCATIONAPPRO
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V.6Appendix 3(July -??)Road Records
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V.7.2(July, 77)7.2 DESIGN PRINCIPLE
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?*7«2,3(Cont f d)(July, 11}Because
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V*7.2.6(Cont*d)(July, 77)Suitable s
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Ew«*•*1235678TypeofroadCDFeeder6
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.* x(July 77)7.3 DESIGN DETAILS7*3*
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(July 77)provided with a cap at the
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(Jialy 77)7.3* 1 * Edge detailsPave
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(Jialy 77)gully gratings. Because i
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¥.7.5*5(Deo.* 83)- ''"gully gratin
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Ref. : ( ) in E.G. 4/3/2? Highways
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PART BAdditional Requirements to Se
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- 5designed accordingly, rather tha
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FIG. 7.3.6.2GULLY-325 GRATINGFLEXIB
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"FfG. 7. 3.6.4 'UNTRAPPED GULLY{ WI
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a — ooDOUBLE GULLIES ATLOW POINTS
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Figure g. 7.2Relation,, between cum
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Cumulative number of commercial veh
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»uwauy200too1BMMK mmtm lillll T*
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awu200I II ,.„i MMOn strong subgr
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Weight of reinforcement CKg/irr)oOO
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Figure T. 7.12 Gully with opening g
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"I _1NOT.E : All D!MEf4SIQNS IN MIL
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STAHOA.
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STANDARD C.I. GULLY GRATINGREF DftG
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[HKPJ624H77CXOlbMfltHHDate Due
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