Learning to Fly: The Wright Brothers Adventure pdf - ER - NASA

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Activity 12—Operate the Wrights’ TunnelWilbur and Orville didn’t understand why their larger 1901 wing didn’t provide the lift they expected. To findout why, they built their own wind tunnel and conducted almost 200 tests of wing shapes and combinations.The wind tunnel tests showed how air flowed over the airplane wing, and what effect the wing’s shape had onthe amount of lift that the airplane could generate. You can conduct these very same tests yourself in the verysame kind of wind tunnel (only you will be using an online computer program). The wind tunnel test can befound at the following Web site:http://wright.grc.nasa.gov/airplane/tunnlint.htmlLearning to Fly: The Wright Brothers’ Adventure EG–2002–12–007–GRC23
To operate the balance, follow these steps:1. Choose a wing model to be placed in the tunnel from the menus at the bottom left and right.2. Set the angle of attack by clicking on the Set Angle of Attack button and enter numbers in the box.Or use the mouse to move the arm in the diagram.3. Start the tunnel with the Start Tunnel button.4. Adjust for the drag caused by the balance with the Adjust for Drag button.5. Record the reading on the Lift Dial. The greater the deflection on the Lift Dial, the more lift is beingprovided by the wing.A. Which wing shape is better, short and wide (model 1) or long and thin (model 3)?1. Choose model 1, set the angle of attack to 3 degrees, start the tunnel, adjust for drag, and record thereading on the Lift Dial.2. Repeat this at angles of 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 degrees.3. Now choose model 3 (which has the same area as model 1) and record the data for the same angles.You can get a copy of a form to record your data by pushing the “Data Form” button.4. Make a graph of your results. There should be two lines on your graph. Which wing shape is providingmore lift? Which shape is better, short and wide or long and thin?B. Which wing surface provides more lift, a flat surface or a curved surface?1. Choose model 3, set the angle of attack to 3 degrees, start the tunnel, adjust for drag, and record thereading on the Lift Dial.2. Repeat this at angles of 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 degrees.3. Now choose model 9 (which has the same area as model 3, but is curved) and record the data for thesame angles.4. Make a graph of your results. There should be two lines on your graph. Which wing is providing morelift? Which wing surface is better, flat or curved?C. Which provides more lift, a more strongly curved surface (model 4) or a less strongly curved surface(model 6)?1. Choose model 4, set the angle of attack to 3 degrees, start the tunnel, adjust for drag, and record thereading on the Lift Dial.2. Repeat this at angles of 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 degrees.3. Now choose model 6 (which has the same area as model 4) and record the data for the same angles.4. Make a graph of your results. There should be two lines on your graph. Which wing is providing morelift? Which wing surface is better, more curved or less curved?Learning to Fly: The Wright Brothers’ Adventure24EG–2002–12–007–GRC
Page 2 and 3: Learning to Fly: The Wright Brother
Page 4 and 5: AcknowledgmentsWriters and Contribu
Page 6 and 7: NCTM National MathematicsStandardsA
Page 8 and 9: vii
Page 10 and 11: Lilienthal was a great influence on
Page 12 and 13: The Wright Brothers were raised in
Page 16 and 17: Activity 1—Early AviationBefore y
Page 18 and 19: Having been appointed by the Societ
Page 20 and 21: Having visited the Wrights in Dayto
Page 22 and 23: Activity 5—Questions on the 1900
Page 24 and 25: You are involved with various activ
Page 26 and 27: Activity 9—Questions on the 1901
Page 28 and 29: Modern Wind TunnelsInlet diffuser o
Page 32 and 33: When the Society hears of the Wrigh
Page 34 and 35: Activity 15—Prices Then and NowTh
Page 36 and 37: He returns on December 11 and every
Page 38 and 39: Activity 18—Center of GravityIn c
Page 40 and 41: Questions1. Whose stick was the clo
Page 42 and 43: Activity 20—How To Launch the Fly
Page 44 and 45: You hear from your Dayton friends t
Page 48 and 49: Designed byRoger Storm, NASA Glenn
Page 50 and 51: 4. Make 12 spars by cutting toothpi
Page 52 and 53: 10. Turn the glider over again and
Page 54 and 55: While trying to solve these new pro
Page 56 and 57: 2. Using the templates as a guide,
Page 58 and 59: 7. To make a skid, join two toothpi
Page 64 and 65: 4. Place glue on the flat edge of t
Page 66 and 67: 10. Glue the skids on either side o
Page 68 and 69: 16. Turn the glider right side up a
Page 72 and 73: 4. Using the templates as a guide,
Page 74 and 75: 8. For spars for the elevator, cut
Page 76 and 77: 14. Cut two toothpicks to a 1.2-inc
Page 78 and 79: 20. Glue the V-shaped braces to the
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26. (Optional) You can make the fig
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Kite: A tethered glider that is lif
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Activity 3 answers1. From your trip
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Activity 9 answersThe report of the
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Activity 12 answersPart D.Students
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Activity 17 answersIf you were eith
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Math challenge1. Your car can easil
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DescriptionStudents are to assume t
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Background informationThe students
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Activity 9: Questions on the 1901 G
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Background informationOrville and W
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Background informationWith each gli
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They also made the propellers turn
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ProceduresThe students draw the rop
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Learning to Fly: The Wright Brother
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1901GliderBottom wingFront edge cur
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1902GliderRight wing (cut out two)L
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1903FlyerPropeller (cut out two)Pro
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Learning To Fly: The Wright Brother
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