western quebec and southern ontario - Department of Geology

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$Fayek & Kyser 2000 uraninite fractionations.pdf - Queen's University$

Figure 5.8: Waveform comparison for two events within the Maniwaki cluster (WQ1).5.4.2 Mont Laurier Clusters (WQ2 and WQ3)The Mont Laurier region is located in the northern area of the WQSZ within the Grenvilleprovince between latitude 45.4° to 46.6° and longitude -73.8° to -75°. There are 27studied events with focal depth between 18 km to 28 km in this cluster. Seismicity in theMont Laurier cluster is characterized by a slightly lower Gutenberg-Richter b value(0.76) than the Maniwaki cluster and higher b value than other clusters in the region (Ma,75
2009). The Mont-Laurier earthquake occurred in 1990 with a magnitude m N 5.0approximately 9 km southwest of Mont-Laurier, Quebec.From a geological point of view, the Mont-Laurier epicentres are located in thenorthern Central Metasedimentary Belt (CMB) division of the western GrenvilleProvince (Wynne-Edwards, 1972) (Fig. 2.2). The CMB is characterized by supracrustaland plutonic rocks (ca. 1.3 to 1.0 Ga) that appear as a stack of crustal slices emplacedalong a series of east dipping, top to the northwest ductile thrust zones (Forsyth et al.,1994a). Earthquakes in this region seem to be occurring on or between structuralboundaries of the CMB (Forsyth, 1981) (Figure 5.7). Adams and Basham (1989)proposed a correlation between the earthquake locations and the assumed passage of thisregion over a hot spot. Goodacre et al. (1993) suggested that crustal zones of weaknessdelineated by the drainage pattern and, to a lesser extent, positive aeromagneticanomalies and the Helikian (Mid-Proterozoic) paragneiss may be controlling the locationof microearthquakes in the central part of the seismic zone. Lamontagne et al. (1994)argued that the current earthquake activity in this area may be explained by relativelysmall zones of weakness distributed over the whole CMB.Based on the concentration of epicentres in this region, two clusters of events canbe recognised: WQ2 (10 events) and WQ3 (17 events) (Figures 5.3). WQ2 formed in thenorth-western part of the Mont Laurier region, while the other cluster is formed in southeasternpart, named WQ3 cluster. In WQ2 cluster the focal mechanisms are mostly ofreverse type, although two events yield significant strike-slip component (Figure 5.9a).The strike orientation of the nodal planes for most events in this cluster is NW-SE (~N124° - N304°) (Figure 5.9b), while most structural features of the area are NE. This76
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FOCAL MECHANISMS AND VARIATIONS IN
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Acknowledgements:I would like to ex
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Figure 5.12: Summary of the focal m
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AbbreviationsCNSN: Canadian Nationa
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Earthquakes in western Quebec and s
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1.2 Organization of ThesisChapter 1
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eastern Canada each year, of which
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Metasedimentary Belt boundary tecto
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The Grenville Front tectonic zone (
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Figure 2.3: Seismicity in the study
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oadly similar continent-continent c
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Figure 2.4: Historical earthquakes
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earthquakes have occurred within th
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cluster, which is considered part o
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2001. All events seemed to occur in
Page 35 and 36: CHAPTER 3DATA SET AND METHODS3.1 In
Page 37 and 38: Fig. 3.1: Locations of seismic stat
Page 39 and 40: Figure 3.2: Number of stations used
Page 41 and 42: the strongest recorded event in the
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.5: Earthquake source param
Page 45 and 46: The amplitudes of the seismic waves
Page 47 and 48: Figure 3.7: Vertical component wave
Page 49 and 50: HYPOCENTER programThe HYPOCENTER pr
Page 51 and 52: wave - e.g. Pg or Pn, Sg or Sn), th
Page 53 and 54: model for P-wave velocity with mult
Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER 4RESULTSIn this chapter the
Page 57 and 58: Figure 4.1: Distribution of RMS of
Page 59 and 60: Table 4.2: Earthquake parameters (h
Page 61 and 62: The focal depth calculated here is
Page 63 and 64: focal mechanism beach-ball diagrams
Page 65 and 66: some spatial variability of the ori
Page 67 and 68: 22 20001006 50 ±3 134 ±10 90 ±0
Page 69 and 70: a)b)c)d)Western QuebecSouthern Onta
Page 71 and 72: esults from other similar studies,
Page 73 and 74: source region (e.g. Chen and Molnar
Page 75 and 76: estimate using a stress inversion t
Page 77 and 78: Figure 5.3: Stress pattern for all
Page 79 and 80: oundaries of the Central Metasedime
Page 81 and 82: In Western Quebec Seizmic Zone (WQS
Page 83 and 84: deeper than 20 km (20 km to 26 km).
Page 85: Figure 5.7: Geologic features of WQ
Page 89 and 90: a) b)c) d)Figure 5.9: Summary of th
Page 91 and 92: 5.4.3 Adirondack Clusters (WQ4 and
Page 93 and 94: WQ5 is located in the southern part
Page 95 and 96: Figure 5.13: Geological features of
Page 97 and 98: consistent with regional fault map
Page 99 and 100: WQ8 is locatedin the north-western
Page 101 and 102: 5.4.5 Timiskaming Cluster (WQ9)The
Page 103 and 104: The known faults in WQ9 cluster are
Page 105 and 106: a) b)c) d)Figure 5.19: Summary of t
Page 107 and 108: ecorded within this cluster. As it
Page 109 and 110: Figure 5.22: Nodal plane strike for
Page 111 and 112: estricted to western Lake Ontario o
Page 113 and 114: More detailed look at the relations
Page 115 and 116: Baird, W.A. F., and McKinnon, S. D.
Page 117 and 118: Easton, R. M. (1986). Geochronology
Page 119 and 120: Havskov, J., and Ottemöller, L. (2
Page 121 and 122: Ma, S., and Adams, J. (2002). Estim
Page 123 and 124: Rimando, R. E., and Benn, K. (2005)
Page 125 and 126: Wahlstrom, R. (1987) Focal mechanis
Page 127 and 128: APPENDIX A: Examples of Input and O
Page 129 and 130: SUNO BZ SN 3 141 15.29SADO BZ SG 4
Page 131 and 132: EEO BZ SG 4 140 48.02 91 0.09 0 315
Page 133 and 134: PAL BZ PN 2 D 140 33.20 53 -0.21 1
Page 135 and 136: APPENDIX C: Faults Plane Solutions
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Appendix D: Focal Mechanisms From P
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19810707 -74.6 45.1 13.0 1.9 304.0
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19950603 -76.4 47.1 18.0 3.9 100.1
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20060225 -75.2 45.7 18.7 4.5 125.8
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