FMI 3-34.119 - Soldier Support Institute - U.S. Army

Improvised Explosive Device CharacteristicsINITIATION METHODS4-6. Initiation methods (Figure 4-2) include—• Time. Time IEDs are designed to function after a preset delay, allowing the enemy to make hisescape or to target military forces which have created a pattern. Timers used include igniferous,chemical, mechanical, and electronic.• Command. Command-initiated IEDs are a common method of employment and allow theenemy to choose the optimum moment of initiation. They are normally used against targets thatare in transit or where a routine pattern has been established. The most common types ofcommand-initiated methods are with command wires or radio-controlled devices, such asLRCTs, cordless telephones, and remote car openers and alarms.• Victim. A victim-actuated IED is a means of attacking an individual or group of individuals.There are various types of initiation devices, which include pull or trip, pressure, pressurerelease, movement-sensitive, light-sensitive, proximity, and electronic switches.WARNINGSpecific identification features for IEDs are ever-changing basedon the capabilities and available resources of the enemy.Figure 4-2. Command-initiated concealed IEDUSES AND TARGETS4-7. IEDs can be used in the following manners:• Disguised static IEDs can be concealed with just about anything (trash, boxes, tires, and soforth) and can be placed in, on, or under a target or in or under unsecured vehicles.• Disguised moveable IEDs (vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices [VBIEDs], suicidebomber vests, victim-actuated IEDs, or remote-controlled cars).• Thrown or projected IEDs (improvised grenades or mortars), used mostly from overhead passes.• IEDs placed in, on, or under a target or in or under unsecured vehicles.21 September 2005 FMI 3-34.119/MCIP 3-17.01 4-3