FMI 3-34.119 - Soldier Support Institute - U.S. Army

Intelligenceturn, broadcast video via local area network (LAN) or other digital communicationsdevices.• Hunter. The Hunter is operated at the corps level. It has a range of 200 kilometers, anendurance of 10 hours, and carries an electro-optical and infrared payload. It providesimagery directly to one or more ground control stations, which can in turn, broadcast videovia LAN or other digital communications devices, as well as to remote video terminals, theAir Force remote operations video-enhanced receiver (ROVER) terminal, and the GlobalBroadcast System (GBS) satellite network.• Predator. The Predator is an Air Force long-range unmanned UAV that can providesupport to ground forces on a request basis. It has a range in excess of 300 kilometers andan endurance of 40 hours. It carries electro-optical and infrared payloads and can also carryHellfire missiles and a laser designator for a targeted attack. It provides imagery directly toone or more ground control stations, which can in turn, broadcast video via LAN or otherdigital communications devices, as well as to remote video terminals, the Air Force ROVERterminal, and the GBS satellite network.• Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System. The Joint Surveillance Target Attack RadarSystem (J/STARS) is an Air Force collection platform that provides moving target indicator(MTI) detection over a wide area of the battlefield. The system can detect moving vehicles andto some extent differentiate between tracked and wheeled vehicles in real time. It broadcastsdata to the common ground station (CGS) which is present in Army units down to the BCT. Inthe counterinsurgency and IED fight, it can provide the following:• Time-phased depictions of vehicle traffic patterns in the unit AO that shows routes thatlocals use and those they avoid.• Detection of vehicle movement through specific NAIs that may indicate insurgentmovements.• Detection of a high volume of traffic in unpopulated areas that could indicate meeting ortraining areas.• Track the movement of vehicles into and out of the location of an IED attack that couldindicate the movement of IED emplacers or reconnaissance elements and track them back tothe point of origin.• Tactical Exploitation of National Capabilities. Tactical exploitation of national capabilities(TENCAP) systems, such as the mobile integrated tactical terminal (MITT) and DTES, presentat the division G-2 allows for near-real-time download and exploitation of national-levelimagery collection. In terms of the IED and counterinsurgency fight, such imagery can be usedfor long-term change detection, periodic surveillance of suspected insurgent safe houses ortraining areas, and updating known terrain and map data.• Buckeye. The Buckeye consists of a remote sensing capability which collects high-resolutioncolor photography for change detection and identification of IED sites. Color imagery iscollected and processed after flying a selected route, at which time the images are georeferencedwith coordinates which enable image analysts to identify potential IEDs. TheBuckeye capability is deployed to selected brigade units in-theater and is supported by fieldteams from the United States Army Topographic Engineering Center, Alexandria, Virginia.B-27. Imagery systems provide the commander with a visual depiction of enemy activity in the battlespace.The advantage is that it can often make clearly apparent what is difficult to grasp in data from othersensors. Also, many imagery systems can collect without alerting the insurgents to the collection effort.Imagery systems (in particular airborne and space-based platforms) are limited by weather and arevulnerable to deception via the use of camouflage and mock-ups. Infrared and radar imagery in particularrequires interpretation by trained IMINT personnel (MOS 96D and 352G).MEASUREMENT AND SIGNATURE INTELLIGENCEB-28. See FM 2-0 and the Remotely Monitored Battlefield Surveillance System (REMBASS)/Improved-REMBASS System Training Plan for measurement and signature intelligence. MASINT is technically21 September 2005 FMI 3-34.119/MCIP 3-17.01 B-7