Q ST QUA TAT ALIT US O TY IN OF W N IN WA NDIA ATER A- 2 R ...

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CHAPTER XIIWater Quality of Rivers in Brahmani & Baitarni Basin12.1 Brahmani and Baitarni River SystemThe Brahmani-Baitarani basin extends over an area of 51,822 sq km. Lying in thenortheast of the Deccan Plateau, the basin covers large areas in the States ofOrissa and Jharkhand and a small area in Chattisgarh. The Chhotanagpur Plateauon the west and south bound the basin on the north by the ridge separating it fromthe Mahanadi basin, and on the east by the Bay of Bengal. The Brahmani subbasincovers an area of 39,033 sq km while the Baitarani sub-basin covers an areaof 12,789 sq km. The Brahmani known as the South Koel, in the upper reaches,rises near Nagri village in the Ranchi district of Jharkhand State. The total lengthof the river from the head to its outfall into the Bay of Bengal is 799 km of which258 km is in Jharkhand and 541 km is in Orissa. The Baitarni river rises in the hillranges of Keonjhar district of Orissa at an elevation of about 900 meters and has alength of about 355 km. Both the rivers outfall in the Bay of Bengal, forming acommon delta. The important tributaries of Brahmani are, the Karo, the Sankhand the Tirka and those of Baitarni are the Salandi and the Matai.The industrial complex of Angul Talcher has been identified as a criticallypolluted area in the Brahmani basin. The wasteweaters generated form theindustries Viz, NALCO, TTPS etc. and mining operations are primarilyresponsible for deterioration of water quality of Nandira River which is a tributarystream of Brahmani river. Detailed survey of this stretch has been carried out andthe action plans have been formulated to improve the water quality of this stretch.The basin area of Brahmani and Baitarni is covering the States of Jharkhand, andOrissa.The important urban centres in these States are Rourkela in Orissa; andGumia in Jharkhand.12.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Brahmani and Baitarni BasinThe water quality monitoring of the River Brahmani and Baitarni & its tributariesis being done by the State Pollution Control Boards of Jharkhand and Orissa at 31locations. There are sixteen (16) monitoring locations on the main stream of RiverBrahmani, five on Baitarni, one each on tributaries Karo, Kusei & Sankh, two onKharasrota and five on Koel. The ranges of water quality observed in RiverBrahmani and its tributaries with respect to Temperature, pH, DO, Conductivity,BOD, Nitrate +Nitrite, Total Coliform (TC) and Faecal Coliform (FC) arepresented as minimum, maximum and mean value to assess the extent of waterquality variation throughout the year.101
12.3 Water Quality of River Brahmani and tributary streams Koel,Kharasrota, Aul, Sankh and KaroThe water quality of mainstream Brahmani is meeting the desired criteria withrespect to pH, DO and conductivity. pH is observed in the range of 6.7–8.5. Thevalue of conductivity ranges from 93 µmhos/cm to 458 µmhos/cm. The DO valuevaries from 5.0 -9.9 mg/l. The BOD varies from 0.6 to 6.6 mg/l and higher valuesof BOD are observed at Panposh D/s (6.6 mg/l), Rourkela D/s (5.3 mg/l) andRourkela FD/s at Biritola (3.6 mg/l) in Orissa. The Faecal Coliform (FC) countranges from 170-35000 MPN/100ml whereas the Total Coliform (TC) countranges from 330-92000 MPN/100ml.The higher values of TC & FC is observed atD/s Panposh (35000 MPN/100ml & 54000 MPN/100ml), Rourkela D/s (35000MPN/100ml & 92000 MPN/100ml), Dhenkanal D/s (35000 MPN/100ml & 54000MPN/100ml), Pattamundai (35000 MPN/100ml & 92000 MPN/100ml),Kamalanga (28000 MPN/100ml & 43000 MPN/100ml), Talcher FD/s (14000MPN/100ml & 21000 MPN/100ml), Rourkela FD/S at Biritola (13000MPN/100ml & 22000 MPN/100ml), Bhuban (13000 MPN/100ml & 24000MPN/100ml), Dharmashala (11000 MPN/100ml & 17000 MPN/100ml),Kabatabandha (Before Impact of Indl.Activity in Kalinganagar Area) (8400MPN/100ml & 15000 MPN/100ml), U/s Panposh (7900 MPN/100ml & 13000MPN/100ml) and Bonaigarh (3100 MPN/100ml & 5800 MPN/100ml) in Orissa.The water quality of tributary streams Koel, Kharasrota, Aul, Sankh and Karo ismeeting the desired criteria in respect of DO, pH and Conductivity. BOD isobserved in the range of 0.3- 6.8 mg/l and is observed higher than the criteria inRiver Koel at Basia Dam U/s (6.8 mg/l), River Sankh at Bolba and River Karo atLohojimi U/s (6.0 mg/l) in Jharkhand. Faecal coliform (FC) and Total Coliform(TC) count is exceeding the desired water quality criteria in River Kharasrota atAul & Khanditara (D/s of Industrial Activities st Kalinga Nagar) (24000 & 35000MPN/100ml and 9400 & 14000 MPN/100ml respectively) and River Koel U/s -A/c River Karo (17000 & 35000 MPN/100ml) in Orissa.The water quality ofmainstream of River Brahmani & its tributary streams with respect toTemperature, pH, DO, Conductivity, BOD, Nitrate +Nitrite, Total Coliform (TC)and Faecal Coliform (FC) is given in Annexure-I Table 12.1. The water qualitystatus of River Brahmani with respect to BOD, DO, Total Coliform, FaecalColiform and Conductivity is given in figure 12.1 & 12.2.102
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Monitoring of Indiann National Aqua
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CONTENTSExecutive SummaryPageI-XIII
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9.1 Narmada River System9.2 Water Q
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PageChapter XIX Water Quality of La
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(E), Varuna, Sai, Gomti, Rapti, Sar
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Purna, Kanhan, Wena, Darna, Nira, P
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Tapi 10.0 16.0 Decreasing Vel 14.0
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KeralaOrissaJanunia Talab inMadhya
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Imphal, Kallai, Puzhackal, Venna &W
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CHAPTER 1WATER AVAILABILITY, POLLUT
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1.1.2 Industrial RequirementAnother
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Population Stress and water insecur
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industrial establishments and runof
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for different uses have been identi
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CHAPTER-IIWATER QUALITY MONITORING
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Table-2.2 List of Parametersunder N
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2.4 State/UnionTerritory (UT) Level
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PUNJAB(TOTAL‐69)•RIVERS :38•L
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BOD, FC and TC whereas DO, pH and C
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whereas Conductivity, Nitrate, FC a
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environment. Water Quality (ground
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Conductivity, TC and FC is confirmi
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Table 2.5: SURFACE WATER- Percent V
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Table 2.7: RIVERS- Percent Violatio
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Table 2.9: PONDS- Percent Violation
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Figure 2: Water Quality Trend (BOD,
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Figure 3.3: Water Quality Trend of
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Table 3.1: Water Quality in Indian
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Name of theRiverLength (Km)No of Mo
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4.1 Indus River SystemCHAPTER IVWat
Page 72 and 73: FECAL COLIFORM (MPN/100ml)100001000
Page 74 and 75: Figure 4.3: Water Quality of River
Page 76 and 77: 5.1 Ganga River SystemCHAPTER VWate
Page 78 and 79: 12WATER QUALITY OF RIVER GANGA IN U
Page 80 and 81: FAECAL COLIFORM(MPN/100ml)100000100
Page 82 and 83: TOTAL COLIFORM (MPN/100ml)100000010
Page 84 and 85: CONDUCTIVITY (µmhos/cm)1000100101W
Page 88 and 89: The availability of water in River
Page 90 and 91: The low value of DO (0.0 mg/l) is o
Page 92 and 93: CONDUCTIVITY (µmhos/cm)10000100010
Page 94 and 95: Burhi Gandak, Harbora, Kamla, Manus
Page 96 and 97: The Faecal Coliform value ranges fr
Page 98 and 99: CHAPTER VIWater Quality of Rivers i
Page 100 and 101: TOTAL COLIFORM(MPN/100ml)1000001000
Page 102 and 103: CHAPTER VII7.1 Mahi River SystemWat
Page 104 and 105: TOTAL COLIFORM(MPN/100ml)100WATER Q
Page 106 and 107: 8.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Sab
Page 108 and 109: presented as minimum, maximum and m
Page 110 and 111: CHAPTER X10.1 Tapi River SystemWate
Page 112 and 113: The water quality of other tributar
Page 114 and 115: CHAPTER XIWater Quality of Rivers i
Page 116 and 117: Conductivity, BOD, Nitrate +Nitrite
Page 118 and 119: 100000WATER QUALITY OF RIVER MAHANA
Page 120 and 121: 100000WATER QUALITY OF RIVERR MAHAN
Page 126 and 127: 12.4 Water Quality of River Baitarn
Page 128 and 129: CHAPTER XIIIWater Quality of Rivers
Page 130 and 131: B.O.D. (mg/l)8.0WATER QUALITY OF RI
Page 132 and 133: CHAPTER XIVWater Quality of Rivers
Page 139 and 140: CHAPTER XVWater Quality of Rivers i
Page 143 and 144: TOTAL COLIFORM (MPN/100ml)100001000
Page 145 and 146: BOD ranges from 1.4 to 23.5 mg/l in
Page 147 and 148: 16.2.1 Water Quality ofRiver Penner
Page 149 and 150: WATER QUALITY OF RIVER CAUVERY INKA
Page 151 and 152: CONDUCTIVITY (µmhos/cm)10000100010
Page 153 and 154: CHAPTER XVIIIWater Quality of Mediu
Page 155 and 156: 18.4 Water Quality of Medium and Mi
Page 157 and 158: The water quality monitoring of Riv
Page 161 and 162: 18.8.1 Water Quality of Creeks and
Page 163 and 164: 19.1 Lantic Water BodiesCHAPTER XIX
Page 165 and 166: DO varies from 0.4 mg/l to 14.3 mg/
Page 167 and 168: (1.9 mg/l) & Surinsar Lake (2.2 mg/
Page 169 and 170: CHAPTER XXAssessment of Groundwater
Page 171 and 172: 20.6 Status of Ground Water Quality
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Paithan (4.0 mg/ l), TPS Durgapur (
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varies from 356-1015 µmhos/cm and
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SIRSA AT D/S NALAGARH DISTT.HIMACHA
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KOSHI RIVER AT KURSHELA ATBIHAR2565
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POINT OF OIL INDIA LTD.)2065 PAGLDI
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TABLE 11.1 : - WATER QUALITY OF RIV
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TABLE 13.1 :- WATER QUALITY OF RIVE
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2723RLY BDG, HINGANGHAT 0 0 4WENA A
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MULA AT HARRISON BRIDGE NEAR2194MAH
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DAMANGANGA AT DAMAN JETTY, MOTI DAM
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2293 R KADALUNDI AT HAJIRAPPALLY KE
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0 0 8 8GHAGGAR AT U/S DHAKANSU NALL
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CHOUPATHY. 0 0 0 0 326. 29. 28.1928
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25. 26. 26.1579 ALAPPUZHA KERALA5.6
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BASKANDI POND INSIDE THE2225ASSAM 8
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22.283 286 285 2.7 3.4 3.051 5 3224
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WELL AT ELOOR, KERALAKERALA26.1924
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AKOT, AKOLA22. 7.82002MAHARASHTRA 2
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OPPOSITE PRIVATE BUS STAND,7.12030A
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1658NEAR RIVER KUSHABHADRA, PURI,OR
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Q ST QUA TAT ALIT US O TY IN OF W N IN WA NDIA ATER A- 2 R ...

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