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CHAPTER XIVWater Quality of Rivers in Godavari Basin14.1 Godavari River SystemThe Godavari basin extends over an area of 3, 12,812 sq km which is nearly 10percent of the total geographical area of the country. The basin lies in the Deccanplateau, and covers large areas in the States of Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra, in addition to smaller areas in Karnataka andOrissa.The Satmala Hills, the Ajanta Range and the Mahadeo Hills, on the south and eastby the Eastern Ghats and on the west by the Western Ghats, bound the Godavaribasin on the north. The Godavari is the largest river of the Peninsular India,inspite of its massive catchment area; the discharge is not very impressive becauseof moderate annual average rainfall in the basin. Its four important tributaries arethe Manjira, the Pranhita, the Indravati and the Sabari. The wastewater generationfrom domestic (both rural and urban) and the industrial sector are the mainsources of pollution in the river basin. Amongst the five states Orissa State is leastindustrialized followed by Chhattisgarh and Karnataka, with Maharashtra havingthe high urban industrial pockets. Most of the industrial activities are centredmainly at Aurangabad & Nasik in Maharashtra, East & West Godavari District inAndhra Pradesh. Sugar and distillery units are large in number in Maharashtrafollowed by pharmaceuticals, leather, pulp and paper and pesticide units. InAndhra Pradesh sugar and distillery units are large in number followed by Pulp &Paper and fertilizer industries. The above-mentioned industries are massive waterconsuming by nature and the deterioration in water quality in the river cannot beruled out particularly from Nashik to Nanded in Maharashtra and at Baster inChhattisgarh and Burgampahad in Andhra Pradesh.The important urban centers in this basin are Nagpur, Ambejogai, Ballarpur,Bhandara, Buldhana, Chalisgaon, Hinganghat, Hingoli, Manmad NandurbarOsmandabad Parli Pusad Shrirampur Udgir Latur Kamptee Ahmadnagar ParbhaniAurangabad Wardha Bid Nashik Chandrapur Jalna Nanded Yavatmal, Amalnerand Gondiya in Maharashtra; Jagdalpur in Chhattisgarh, Chiklikalan Parasia,Chindwara Seoni Balaghat in Madhya Pradesh, Rajahmundry NizamabadRamagundam Eluru Warangal Khammam Kothagudem Karimnagar BhimavaramKakinada Adilabad, Bellampalle Bodhan Jagtial Kagaznagar MancherialMandamarri Narsapur Nirmal Palacole Palwancha Sangareddy Siddipet SiricillaTadepalligudem and Tanuku in Andhra Pradesh; Bidar in Karnataka and Jeypur inOrissa.111
14.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Godavari BasinThe water quality monitoring of the River Godavari are being done in the basin bythe State Pollution Control Boards of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, MadhyaPradesh and Orissa. The monitoring locations are on main stream of Godavari(35) and on tributaries are Manjara (Manjira), Maner, Nira, Wainganga, Wardha,Kolar, Kanhan, Purna, Indravati, Sankhani, Nakkavagu,Vamsadhara, Darna,Bindusar, Penganga, Vena, Kinnersani and Sabari. The ranges of water qualityobserved in Godavari basin with respect to Temperature, pH, DO, Conductivity,BOD, Nitrate, Nitrite, Total Coliform (TC) and Faecal Coliform (FC) arepresented as minimum, maximum and mean value to assess the extent of waterquality variation throughout the year.14.2.1 Water Quality of River GodavariThe water quality of River Godavari indicates that the DO value ranges from 1.2-12.2 mg/l. The minimum value of DO (1.8 mg/l) is observed at Kapila- GodavariSangam in Maharashtra. Other locations having low DO are Tapovan (1.8 mg/l),Nasik D/s (1.9 mg/l), Jalna Intake Water Pump House, Shahabad (2.3 mg/l),Saikheda (2.7 mg/l), U/s of Aurangabad Reservoir (3.4 mg/l) and Hanuman Ghat,Nashik City (3.8 mg/l) in Maharashtra. The BOD values ranges from Nil-37 mg/land the higher values are observed at Kapila- Godavari Confluence Point atTapovan (37.0 mg/l), Nasik D/s & Tapovan (28.0 mg/l), Jalna Intake Water PumpHouse at Shahabad (18.7 mg/l), Panchavati at Ramkund (16.0 mg/l), SomeshwarTemple (14.5 mg/l), Hanuman Ghat at Nashik (13.5 mg/l), Saikheda (12.5 mg/l),Jayakwadi Dam at Aurnagabad & D/s of Paithan at Pathegaon Bridge (12.0 mg/l),Dhalegaon (10.0 mg/l), U/s of Gangapur Dam at Nasik (9.0 mg/l), U/s of Paithanat Jayakwadi (8.0 mg/l), Latur Water Intake Near Pump House at Dhamegaon &Nanded (7.4 mg/l), U/s of Aurangabad Reservoir at Kaigaon Tokka (7.2 mg/l),Raher (7.0 mg/l) and Nandur- Madmeshwar Dam (6.0 mg/l) in Maharashtra andGodavarikhani at Karimnagar (7.8 mg/l), D/s of Ramanugundam (7.7 mg/l),Ramagundam D/s Near FCI Intake Well at Karimnagar (6.4 mg/l), Basara atAdilabad (4.0 mg/l), Mancherial & Mancherial B/c of Rallavagu (3.6 mg/l) andKamalpur D/s at Warangal & Ramagundam U/s at Karimnagar (3.5 mg/l) inAndhra Pradesh. The Faecal Coliform ranges from 1-500 MPN/100ml whereasthe Total Coliform ranges from 7-2400 MPN/100 ml.The River Godavari at most of locations in Maharashtra and Bhadrachalam U/s,near Rly Bdg B/c of Rallavagu at Mancherial, Rajahmundry D/s, Godavarikhani,Ramagundam U/s & D/s and Burgampahad in A.P. is exceeding desired waterquality criteria. The sources of pollution is from domestic and industrialwastewater generated from the large cities in Maharashtra and Mancherial,Ramagundam, Rajahmundry, Godavarikhani, Burgampahad and Bhadrachalamcities in Andhra Pradesh. Depletion of dissolved oxygen has been reported due toaddition of sewage into the river besides bacteriological pollution. To maintainthe desired water quality uses of the River Godavari in these stretches, the112
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Monitoring of Indiann National Aqua
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CONTENTSExecutive SummaryPageI-XIII
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9.1 Narmada River System9.2 Water Q
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PageChapter XIX Water Quality of La
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(E), Varuna, Sai, Gomti, Rapti, Sar
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Purna, Kanhan, Wena, Darna, Nira, P
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Tapi 10.0 16.0 Decreasing Vel 14.0
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KeralaOrissaJanunia Talab inMadhya
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Imphal, Kallai, Puzhackal, Venna &W
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CHAPTER 1WATER AVAILABILITY, POLLUT
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1.1.2 Industrial RequirementAnother
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Population Stress and water insecur
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industrial establishments and runof
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for different uses have been identi
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CHAPTER-IIWATER QUALITY MONITORING
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Table-2.2 List of Parametersunder N
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2.4 State/UnionTerritory (UT) Level
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PUNJAB(TOTAL‐69)•RIVERS :38•L
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BOD, FC and TC whereas DO, pH and C
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whereas Conductivity, Nitrate, FC a
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environment. Water Quality (ground
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Conductivity, TC and FC is confirmi
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Table 2.5: SURFACE WATER- Percent V
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Table 2.7: RIVERS- Percent Violatio
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Table 2.9: PONDS- Percent Violation
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Figure 2: Water Quality Trend (BOD,
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Figure 3.3: Water Quality Trend of
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Table 3.1: Water Quality in Indian
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Name of theRiverLength (Km)No of Mo
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4.1 Indus River SystemCHAPTER IVWat
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FECAL COLIFORM (MPN/100ml)100001000
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Figure 4.3: Water Quality of River
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5.1 Ganga River SystemCHAPTER VWate
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12WATER QUALITY OF RIVER GANGA IN U
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FAECAL COLIFORM(MPN/100ml)100000100
Page 82 and 83: TOTAL COLIFORM (MPN/100ml)100000010
Page 84 and 85: CONDUCTIVITY (µmhos/cm)1000100101W
Page 86 and 87: Figure 5.6: Water Quality of River
Page 88 and 89: The availability of water in River
Page 90 and 91: The low value of DO (0.0 mg/l) is o
Page 92 and 93: CONDUCTIVITY (µmhos/cm)10000100010
Page 94 and 95: Burhi Gandak, Harbora, Kamla, Manus
Page 96 and 97: The Faecal Coliform value ranges fr
Page 98 and 99: CHAPTER VIWater Quality of Rivers i
Page 100 and 101: TOTAL COLIFORM(MPN/100ml)1000001000
Page 102 and 103: CHAPTER VII7.1 Mahi River SystemWat
Page 104 and 105: TOTAL COLIFORM(MPN/100ml)100WATER Q
Page 106 and 107: 8.2 Water Quality Monitoring in Sab
Page 108 and 109: presented as minimum, maximum and m
Page 110 and 111: CHAPTER X10.1 Tapi River SystemWate
Page 112 and 113: The water quality of other tributar
Page 114 and 115: CHAPTER XIWater Quality of Rivers i
Page 116 and 117: Conductivity, BOD, Nitrate +Nitrite
Page 118 and 119: 100000WATER QUALITY OF RIVER MAHANA
Page 120 and 121: 100000WATER QUALITY OF RIVERR MAHAN
Page 122 and 123: CHAPTER XIIWater Quality of Rivers
Page 126 and 127: 12.4 Water Quality of River Baitarn
Page 128 and 129: CHAPTER XIIIWater Quality of Rivers
Page 130 and 131: B.O.D. (mg/l)8.0WATER QUALITY OF RI
Page 139 and 140: CHAPTER XVWater Quality of Rivers i
Page 143 and 144: TOTAL COLIFORM (MPN/100ml)100001000
Page 145 and 146: BOD ranges from 1.4 to 23.5 mg/l in
Page 147 and 148: 16.2.1 Water Quality ofRiver Penner
Page 149 and 150: WATER QUALITY OF RIVER CAUVERY INKA
Page 151 and 152: CONDUCTIVITY (µmhos/cm)10000100010
Page 153 and 154: CHAPTER XVIIIWater Quality of Mediu
Page 155 and 156: 18.4 Water Quality of Medium and Mi
Page 157 and 158: The water quality monitoring of Riv
Page 161 and 162: 18.8.1 Water Quality of Creeks and
Page 163 and 164: 19.1 Lantic Water BodiesCHAPTER XIX
Page 165 and 166: DO varies from 0.4 mg/l to 14.3 mg/
Page 167 and 168: (1.9 mg/l) & Surinsar Lake (2.2 mg/
Page 169 and 170: CHAPTER XXAssessment of Groundwater
Page 171 and 172: 20.6 Status of Ground Water Quality
Page 173 and 174: Paithan (4.0 mg/ l), TPS Durgapur (
Page 175 and 176: varies from 356-1015 µmhos/cm and
Page 177 and 178: SIRSA AT D/S NALAGARH DISTT.HIMACHA
Page 179 and 180: KOSHI RIVER AT KURSHELA ATBIHAR2565
Page 181 and 182: POINT OF OIL INDIA LTD.)2065 PAGLDI
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TABLE 11.1 : - WATER QUALITY OF RIV
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TABLE 13.1 :- WATER QUALITY OF RIVE
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2723RLY BDG, HINGANGHAT 0 0 4WENA A
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MULA AT HARRISON BRIDGE NEAR2194MAH
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DAMANGANGA AT DAMAN JETTY, MOTI DAM
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2293 R KADALUNDI AT HAJIRAPPALLY KE
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0 0 8 8GHAGGAR AT U/S DHAKANSU NALL
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CHOUPATHY. 0 0 0 0 326. 29. 28.1928
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25. 26. 26.1579 ALAPPUZHA KERALA5.6
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BASKANDI POND INSIDE THE2225ASSAM 8
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22.283 286 285 2.7 3.4 3.051 5 3224
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WELL AT ELOOR, KERALAKERALA26.1924
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AKOT, AKOLA22. 7.82002MAHARASHTRA 2
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OPPOSITE PRIVATE BUS STAND,7.12030A
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1658NEAR RIVER KUSHABHADRA, PURI,OR
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