University -- where I took my second doctorate -- is very largely a Calvinist university. More andmore, the policy seems to be that <strong>of</strong> reserving new pr<strong>of</strong>essorial appointments only for those whoare pr<strong>of</strong>essing Calvinists. That University has excellent faculties <strong>of</strong> <strong>The</strong>ology, Philosophy, Historyand Education -- all <strong>of</strong> them teaching exclusively from a Calvinistic perspective. <strong>The</strong>n there is theRand Afrikaans University, one <strong>of</strong> the newest in South Africa - and to an increasing extent theUniversity <strong>of</strong> Port Elizabeth (and so forth).Well, from 1930 through 1960, the Calvinist educators organised especially underground. <strong>The</strong>yemerged in the 60's. Finally, with the approval <strong>of</strong> Parliament toward the 70's, they recapturedcontrol <strong>of</strong> Public Education from kindergarten through the Ph.D. level -- ever increasingly -- and atthe South African Universities.<strong>The</strong> real turning point in all this, was 1948. <strong>The</strong>n the National Party <strong>of</strong> Dr. Malan gained thevictory at the polls. <strong>The</strong> very next week the Bible was being read even in the English languagePublic Schools throughout the land -- which had not been done before. I remember it vividly,seeing I was about fourteen or fifteen years <strong>of</strong> age at the time.Since then, courses and degrees in Biblical Studies have been developed at the Universities moreand more. Quite apart from <strong>The</strong>ology Courses (which are <strong>of</strong>fered specifically to train Preachers forthe pulpit), you can today major in Biblical Studies (which are not designed to prepare you for apreaching ministry but to give you at least a Bachelor's degree and thereafter a Masters degree toenable you to become a full-time Bible Teacher in the Public Education System in South Africa).As a matter <strong>of</strong> fact, the Catalogues <strong>of</strong> the South African Universities are more and more <strong>of</strong>feringthese majors in Biblical Studies. This seems to be rather unique in the world today. Indeed, theBible is now being taught, for credit, in the Public Schools -- from kindergarten right through towhat would be 10th or 12th grade in America, and from thereon out at the Universities at least tothe Master's level.Organisations hold Conventions for Christians regularly, discussing matters <strong>of</strong> educationalimportance. A determined effort is now being made to rethink the curriculum even in areas such ashistory, geography and mathematics at the Public School -- and so to restructure them more andmore in terms <strong>of</strong> the Christian life and world view.Of course, if people do not like all <strong>of</strong> this Calvinism being increased in the Public School System,they are perfectly free to leave the Public Schools and to start their own atheistic private schools.<strong>The</strong>re are some, but not many cases, <strong>of</strong> that taking place in South Africa.<strong>The</strong>re are powerful Calvinist educational organisations in South Africa working at the nationallevel to infiltrate the whole <strong>of</strong> culture. Such are COVSA (the Calvinist Teachers' Association <strong>of</strong>South Africa); VCHO (the Association for Christian Higher Education); and SAVCW (the SouthAfrica Association for the Promotion <strong>of</strong> Christian Scholarship). I myself have membership in thetwo latter organisations.In 1961 the Constitution <strong>of</strong> the Republic <strong>of</strong> South Africa was formally adopted after the RepublicanReferendum. If my memory serves me well, the Preamble runs roughly as follows: "In humbleacknowledgment <strong>of</strong> Almighty God Who has assembled our ancestors from a variety <strong>of</strong> countries,Who has led us through many perils, Who has maintained us in this land in a remarkable way; wethe people hereby establish the Republic <strong>of</strong> South Africa. <strong>The</strong> educational system <strong>of</strong> this countryshall be Christian." This gave a tremendous impact to the development <strong>of</strong> Christian educationwithin South Africa.
One <strong>of</strong> the most important Calvinist educationalists in South Africa, is the aged Pr<strong>of</strong>. Dr. J. ChrisCoetzee. He has written many important books -- First Principles in Our Calvinistic Education andNourishment; Calvinism and Education and Education and Sex. He was Pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> Education atthe University <strong>of</strong> Potchefstroom.<strong>The</strong>re is also the Rector <strong>of</strong> the University <strong>of</strong> Potchefstroom, Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Hennie Bingle. His booksinclude: National Culture and the Future; Education and Training in the Kingdom <strong>of</strong> God onEarth; and <strong>The</strong> University in the Crucible. (I am giving you the English equivalents <strong>of</strong> theAfrikaans titles <strong>of</strong> these never-translated books.)<strong>The</strong>re is also Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Dr. M.T. van Loggerenberg, Head <strong>of</strong> the Department <strong>of</strong> Education at theOrange Free State University, who has written many manuals in the field <strong>of</strong> Christian education.My friend Dr. Manie Malan wrote his doctoral dissertation on a critical Calvinistic examination <strong>of</strong>the existentialistic educational methodology <strong>of</strong> Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Oberholzer. Other Afrikaner friendsinclude: Pr<strong>of</strong>. Dr. Henry Stone and Pr<strong>of</strong>. Dr. Piet Heiberg -- the Pr<strong>of</strong>essors <strong>of</strong> Educationrespectively at the Transvaal Teachers' Training College on the Witwatersrand, and at the (Black)University <strong>of</strong> the North near Pietersberg.So then, we are seeing the further development <strong>of</strong> education. In 1975, the University <strong>of</strong>Potchefstroom for Christian Higher Education convened and hosted the world's first InternationalConference <strong>of</strong> Calvinistic Higher Academicians. At their own expense -- the University's expense,not the South African Government's expense -- delegates were flown in from some nineteencountries, including six or seven from the United States (<strong>of</strong> which I was one). We met there forsome two weeks, discussing problems and approaches anent the extension <strong>of</strong> Calvinism at theuniversity level in our several countries.We had people there from England, Scotland, Ireland, France, Germany, the United States, Canada,Korea, Japan -- and most <strong>of</strong> the Black countries in Africa south <strong>of</strong> the Sahara. It was quite ameeting, and it went very well indeed. This led to the Second international Conference, which washeld some years after that in Grand Rapids. As a result <strong>of</strong> that, one would hope that the outreachwill continue into all <strong>of</strong> the areas <strong>of</strong> the world.<strong>The</strong> chief problem that faces South Africa in the calvinisation <strong>of</strong> the educational institutions <strong>of</strong> itspeoples is, <strong>of</strong> course, the very large non-Christian element among the population (once you leavethe White and the Coloured groups). <strong>The</strong> Black people <strong>of</strong> South Africa constitute at least 65% <strong>of</strong>the total population. Perhaps at least half <strong>of</strong> them are still unbaptized pagans.<strong>The</strong>n you have a very large and influential slab <strong>of</strong> Whites who are Jews. You also have your Indianpopulation, only 3% <strong>of</strong> whom have ever been baptized. Most <strong>of</strong> them are Hindus, and the rest areMoslems. <strong>The</strong>re is also a very strongly Islamic Malay group. You can just imagine the difficulties<strong>of</strong> trying to expand a National Educational System, utilising the languages <strong>of</strong> these variousdifferent groups rather than utilising Afrikaans. Calvinism too meets with some resistance fromthese people -- many <strong>of</strong> whom pay not even lip service to any form <strong>of</strong> Christianity.<strong>The</strong>re are also problems <strong>of</strong> idolatry. Thus, permission was granted to the Hindu population toestablish its own Chair <strong>of</strong> <strong>The</strong>ology at the Indian University in Durban. This was finally acceded toby the Government, but the Reformed Churches were furious. Some <strong>of</strong> them accused theGovernment <strong>of</strong> compromise, in a Christian Republic, to allow for a training centre for Hindu<strong>The</strong>ology to be set up in a so-called Christian country -- even only for that portion <strong>of</strong> the country'sinhabitants that are still Hindus.You see the tension there. It creates a very big problem. <strong>The</strong> short-term way to resolve it is not
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THE CHRISTIAN AFRIKANERSA Brief His
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God richly bless the following lect
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There have always been, and always
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But the only one they both appeal t
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Now Zuidema was a very great Dutch
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Dutch churches at the Synod of Dord
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