A study of the priority substances of the Water Framework Directive ...

..:::::::::: chlorfenvinphos
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8 Chlorfenvinphos
� Chlorfenvinphos is an insecticide which was
legally in use in Norway until 2004, permissions
for use may be obtained until 2006.
� No imports are registered since 2003.
� Chlorfenvinphos was found in four fresh
water localities 1995 - 2001.
� There is a need for new screening of chlorfenvinphos
in rivers and streams.
Production and use
Currently in use on cabbage and swede (against
maggots Delia floralis, and Delia radicum).
Product and container is classified as hazardous
waste. No production in Norway.
64 000 kilos organophosphates were sold from
1974-1978 (less than 10 percent probably
Chlorfenvinphos). From 1979 to 2002 43 000
kilos Chlorfenvinphos were sold in Norway.
One product sold in Sweden (Birlane
Granulate), permission expires in 2004, but will
be prolonged by at least one year awaiting EU
decision.
12 201 kilos have been imported since 1996 as
pesticide, no imports since 2003, as the product
(Birlane Granulate) is no longer imported by
distributor. Special permissions for use may be
granted to 2006.
Emissions, discharges,
distribution and hot-spots
Pollution is mainly caused by run-off from agricultural
land. No hotspots are found.
Fresh water and groundwater
Chlorfenvinphos was found in four streams in
eastern and south west Norway between 1995
and 2001. The concentrations were high enough
to cause adverse effects on fresh water environment.
Monitoring
Chlorfenvinphos has been monitored in JOVA
since 1995, time series exist.
Need for further screening and monitoring
The concentrations found in former monitoring
were quite high. As chlorfenvinphos is being
phased out, a new screening should be initiated.
A study of the priority substances of the Water Framework Directive
TA-2140/2005
FACTS
Cas no.: 470-90-6
Synonyms: Klorfenvinfos, Birlane, Apachlor, Benzyl
alcohol, Dermaton, 2-chloro-1-(2,4dichlorophenyl)vinyldiethylphosphat.
Properties: Clear/yellowish liquid. Mild odour.
Toxic effects: Very toxic for humans. LD50 rat oral 9,66
mg/kg (HSDB). Very toxic for aquatic organisms. LC50
Guppy (Libistes reticulatus) 0,53 mg/l/(48 hours).
Log Kow: 4.15
Persistence: Half-life in air up to 92 hours, up to 23
weeks in soil, up to 7 weeks in water. Groundwater
unknown. (HSDB)
DT50 water = 70 days (10°C); 7 days (25°C)],
DT50 whole system = 38 - 40,3 days (20°C) CIRCA
Water solubility: 3,022 mg/l (25°C)
Molecular formula: C 12 -H 14 -Cl 3 -O 4 -P
Metabolites: orto dealkylated metabolites .
Use: Used for insect control.
Localities for further screening and monitoring
The screening of Chlorfenvinphos should be initiated
in the same rivers and streams which
were investigated by Jordforsk (Report 17/04).
Analysis
The analysis of Chlorfenvinphos is often part of
multi pesticide packages offered by several laboratories.
Methods
The methods are based on direct extraction with
an organic solvent (sediment and biota) or solid
phase extraction (SPE), eventually clean-up with
SPE and separation and quantification with GCbased
methods: GC/MS or GC/NPD.
Synergy with other analyses
Sample extraction and clean-up can be co-ordinated
with the analysis of other pesticides which
can be analysed by GC/MS especially other
organophosphorous insecticides as for example
chlorpyrifos, malathion or methyl-parathion.